论文标题
ATLAS HADRONIC TILE量热计示范器系统的II期升级，面向高亮度LHC时代
Performance of the ATLAS Hadronic Tile Calorimeter Demonstrator system for the Phase-II upgrade facing the High-Luminosity LHC era
论文作者
论文摘要
高光度大强壮的强子对撞机（HL-LHC）的峰值光度为$ 5 \ times10^{34} $ cm $ $^{ - 2} $ \，s $^{ - 1} $，是LHC的设计亮度。 Hadronic Atlas瓷砖量热计tilecal）是一种采样量热量表，钢作为吸收剂和塑料闪烁体作为活性培养基。闪烁瓷砖中产生的光被引导到光电倍增管（PMTS），在该管中产生模拟信号，以在每25 \ ns进行数字化之前，在数字化之前会形成形状和条件。 HL-LHC的Tilecal相-II升级将允许系统可以应对辐射水平的增加和时间堆积。升级后的系统将数字化并将所有热量计采样信号发送到下探测器系统，在该系统中，将重建事件并将其运送到触发器的第一级，所有触发器均以40 \ MHz速率为单位。因此，使用触发系统提供的更精确的量热计信号，可以开发更复杂的触发算法。新的硬件包括具有冗余设计和辐射硬电子设备的最先进的电子设备，以避免单点故障，此外，除了大量数据传输和现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的多GBP光学链路外，还可以驱动磁场电子和磁场电子的逻辑功能。一个包含新热量计模块电子设备的混合示范器原型模块，但仍与当前系统兼容，并在2019年6月在Atlas中组装并插入，以便可以在实际地图集中测试相 - II系统。
The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will have a peak luminosity of $5\times10^{34} $cm$^{-2} $\,s$^{-1}$, five times higher than the design luminosity of the LHC. The hadronic ATLAS Tile Calorimeter TileCal) is a sampling calorimeter with steel as absorber and plastic scintillators as active medium. The light produced in the scintillating tiles is guided to photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), where analogue signals are produced to be shaped and conditioned before being digitized every 25\,ns. TileCal Phase-II Upgrade for the HL-LHC will allow the system can cope with the increased radiation levels and out of time pileup. The upgraded system will digitize and send all the calorimeter sampled signals to the off-detector systems, where the events will be reconstructed and shipped to the first level of trigger, all at 40\,MHz rate. Consequently, development of more complex trigger algorithms will be possible with the more precise calorimeter signals provided to the trigger system. The new hardware comprises state of the art electronics with a redundant design and radiation hard electronics to avoid single points of failure, in addition to multi-Gbps optical links for the high volume of data transmission and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) to drive the logic functions of the off- and on-detector electronics. A hybrid demonstrator prototype module containing the new calorimeter module electronics, but still compatible with the present system was assembled and inserted in ATLAS during June 2019, so that the Phase-II system can be tested in real ATLAS conditions.
