论文标题
从多体振荡到孤立的旋转气体中的热化
From many-body oscillations to thermalization in an isolated spinor gas
论文作者
论文摘要
多体系统的动力学可以采取多种形式，从纯粹可逆的演变到快速热化。在这里，我们通过实验和数字显示自旋1原子的组装在相同的空间模式下允许人们探索各种各样的行为。当该系统可以通过Bogoliubov分析描述时，相关的能量谱是线性的，并导致多体可观察到的未阻尼的振荡。在这个制度之外，频谱的非线性导致了以普遍行为为特征的反逆转。当哈密顿量的整合性破裂时，与本征态热假说范式一致，出现混乱的动力学并导致热化。
The dynamics of a many-body system can take many forms, from a purely reversible evolution to fast thermalization. Here we show experimentally and numerically that an assembly of spin 1 atoms all in the same spatial mode allows one to explore this wide variety of behaviors. When the system can be described by a Bogoliubov analysis, the relevant energy spectrum is linear and leads to undamped oscillations of many-body observables. Outside this regime, the non-linearity of the spectrum leads to irreversibity, characterized by a universal behavior. When the integrability of the Hamiltonian is broken, a chaotic dynamics emerges and leads to thermalization, in agreement with the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis paradigm.
