论文标题
带有夸克轨道激发的质子和中子形式因素
Proton and neutron form factors with quark orbital excitations
论文作者
论文摘要
核子形式因子在研究核子的动力学和在任意核子速度下的波函数的显式结构中起着特别重要的作用。本文的目的是在理论上解释在横截面测量（通过Rosenbluth方法）中测量实验的所有四个核子形式因子，从而产生了几乎相等的归一化形式$ g^p_e，g^p_m，g^n_m $，以及在极化转移实验中以及强烈减少的质子电气形式因素。 It is shown, using relativistic hyperspherical formalism, that the nucleon wave functions in the lowest approximation provide almost equal normalized form factors as seen in the Rosenbluth cross sections, but in the higher components they contain a large admixture of the quark orbital momenta, which strongly decreases $G^p_E$ and this effect is possibly detected in the polarization transfer method (not seen in the classical cross section experiments).此外，较高组件的相同混合物解释了小的正构差$ g^n_e $。使用标准和Lorentz合同的波浪函数，计算出最多$ g^p_m（q），g^p_e（q），g^n_m（q）$的$ q^n_m（q）$。
Nucleon form factors play an especially important role in studying the dynamics of nucleons and explicit structure of the wave functions at arbitrary nucleon velocity. The purpose of the paper is to explain theoretically all four nucleon form factors measured experimentally in the cross section measurements (by the Rosenbluth method), yielding almost equal normalized form factors $G^p_E,G^p_M,G^n_M$, as well as in the polarization transfer experiments, where a strongly decreasing proton electric form factor has been discovered. It is shown, using relativistic hyperspherical formalism, that the nucleon wave functions in the lowest approximation provide almost equal normalized form factors as seen in the Rosenbluth cross sections, but in the higher components they contain a large admixture of the quark orbital momenta, which strongly decreases $G^p_E$ and this effect is possibly detected in the polarization transfer method (not seen in the classical cross section experiments). Moreover, the same admixture of the higher components explains the small positive form factor $G^n_E$. The resulting form factors, $G^p_M(Q),G^p_E(Q),G^n_M(Q)$ are calculated up to $Q^2\approx 10$ GeV$^2$, using the standard and the Lorentz contracted wave functions and shown to be in reasonable agreement with experimental data.
