论文标题
具有恒温控制负载的虚拟电池的灵活性管理：实时控制系统和西班牙的潜力
Flexibility management with virtual batteries of thermostatically controlled loads: real-time control system and potential in Spain
论文作者
论文摘要
负载灵活性管理是一种面对电网产生和需求的问题的有前途的方法。由于可再生能源的可变性，这个问题变得越来越困难。可以通过虚拟电池汇总和管理恒温控制的负载，并且它们提供了物理存储系统的经济高效，有效的替代方案，以减轻可再生能源的固有可变性。但是，虚拟电池需要一个精确的控制系统，能够跟踪频率调节信号，而误差最小。实时控制系统允许虚拟电池准确跟踪频率或功率信号。该控制器的性能已被验证，该虚拟电池由1,000个恒温控制负载组成。使用配备了开发控制器的虚拟电池，进行了一项针对西班牙住宅恒温控制负载的研究。该研究的结果量化了该技术在具有不同气候区域的国家的潜力，并提供了有关虚拟电池作为具有高水平可再生能源渗透率的电气系统的可行性的见解。
Load flexibility management is a promising approach to face the problem of balancing generation and demand in electrical grids. This problem is becoming increasingly difficult due to the variability of renewable energies. Thermostatically controlled loads can be aggregated and managed by a virtual battery, and they provide a cost-effective and efficient alternative to physical storage systems to mitigate the inherent variability of renewable energy sources. But virtual batteries require of an accurate control system being capable of tracking frequency regulation signals with minimal error. A real-time control system allowing virtual batteries to accurately track frequency or power signals is developed. The performance of this controller is validated for a virtual battery composed of 1,000 thermostatically controlled loads. Using virtual batteries equipped with the developed controller, a study focused on residential thermostatically controlled loads in Spain is performed. The results of the study quantify the potential of this technology in a country with different climate areas and provides insight about the feasibility of virtual batteries as enablers of electrical systems with high levels of penetration of renewable energy sources.
