论文标题
探索超地球表面：近空岩浆海洋行星和地形的反照率
Exploring Super-Earth Surfaces: Albedo of Near-Airless Magma Ocean Planets and Topography
论文作者
论文摘要
在本文中，我们提出了无气和近空的岩浆海洋行星（AMOPS）的球形反照率值的分析功能。我们产生了2D分形表面，并具有不同的成分，我们分别向其扔了10,000条光线。使用菲涅耳方程的近似形式，我们测量了反映了多少入射光。在不同的表面粗糙度上重复该算法后，我们发现球形反照率是Hurst指数，岩浆的地球化学组成和波长的函数。作为概念证明，我们使用Kepler-10b上的模型来证明我们的方法的适用性。我们介绍了从不同的熔岩组成产生的球形反照率值和可以应用于观察数据以确定其特征的多个测试。目前，由于其测量的球形反照率中存在较大的不确定性，因此Amops的表面组成存在很强的变性。尽管如此，当应用于Kepler-10b时，我们表明它的高反照率可能是由中等波动的海洋引起的，该海洋富含氧化的金属物种，例如Feo，$ \ rm fe_ {2} o_ {3} o_ {3} $，$ \ rm fe_ fe_ {3} o_ {3} o_ {4} $。这意味着Kepler-10b是无绞痛或近乎无数的身体。
In this paper we propose an analytic function for the spherical albedo values of airless and near-airless magma ocean planets (AMOPs). We generated 2-D fractal surfaces with varying compositions onto which we individually threw 10,000 light rays. Using an approximate form of the Fresnel equations we measured how much of the incident light was reflected. Having repeated this algorithm on varying surface roughnesses we find the spherical albedo as a function of the Hurst exponent, the geochemical composition of the magma, and the wavelength. As a proof of concept, we used our model on Kepler-10b to demonstrate the applicability of our approach. We present the spherical albedo values produced from different lava compositions and multiple tests that can be applied to observational data in order to determine their characteristics. Currently, there is a strong degeneracy in the surface composition of AMOPs due to the large uncertainties in their measured spherical albedos. In spite of this, when applied to Kepler-10b we show that its high albedo could be caused by a moderately wavy ocean that is rich in oxidised metallic species such as FeO, $\rm Fe_{2}O_{3}$, $\rm Fe_{3}O_{4}$. This would imply that Kepler-10b is a coreless or near-coreless body.
