论文标题
轻松访问非平衡量子多体系统中的能量波动
Easy access to energy fluctuations in non-equilibrium quantum many-body systems
论文作者
论文摘要
我们结合了理论和实验努力，以提出一种研究能量波动的方法，特别是在协议结束时通过简单的测量方法在驱动多体量子系统不足的方案结束时通过简单的测量来获得相关的过渡概率矩阵。该方案与数值优化集成在一起，以确保对实验数据进行适当的分析，从而导致物理概率。该方法在核磁共振设置中采用两个相互作用的自旋1/2系统进行了实验评估。我们展示了如何仅使用局部措施来恢复过渡概率，该量度能够在多体系统驱动的范围内验证详细的波动定理实验验证。
We combine theoretical and experimental efforts to propose a method for studying energy fluctuations, in particular, to obtain the related bi-stochastic matrix of transition probabilities by means of simple measurements at the end of a protocol that drives a many-body quantum system out-of-equilibrium. This scheme is integrated with numerical optimizations in order to ensure a proper analysis of the experimental data, leading to physical probabilities. The method is experimentally evaluated employing a two interacting spin-1/2 system in a nuclear magnetic resonance setup. We show how to recover the transition probabilities using only local measures which enables an experimental verification of the detailed fluctuation theorem in a many-body system driven out-of-equilibrium.
