论文标题
双β衰变实验中的宇宙激活
Cosmogenic activation in double beta decay experiments
论文作者
论文摘要
双β衰减是一个非常罕见的核过程，因此，旨在检测其必须在地下和超低背景条件下进行的实验。先前将材料暴露于地球表面甚至地下的宇宙射线中产生的长期放射性同位素可能会成为所需灵敏度的问题。在这里，将对这些实验设置中使用的探测器和材料的激活产率进行量化，考虑到目标材料，例如锗，泰勒佛和Xenon，以及其他常用的铜，铅，不锈钢或氩气。使用横梁或直接宇宙射线进行的辐射实验的方法和测量值以不同的方法进行计算，将考虑用于相关的放射性同位素。也将分析基于不同类型的检测器的当前和未来双重β衰减项目中宇宙激活的影响。
Double beta decay is a very rare nuclear process and, therefore, experiments intended to detect it must be operated deep underground and in ultra-low background conditions. Long-lived radioisotopes produced by the previous exposure of materials to cosmic rays on the Earth's surface or even underground can become problematic for the required sensitivity. Here, the studies developed to quantify and reduce the activation yields in detectors and materials used in the set-up of these experiments will be reviewed, considering target materials like germanium, tellurium and xenon together with other ones commonly used like copper, lead, stainless steel or argon. Calculations following very different approaches and measurements from irradiation experiments using beams or directly cosmic rays will be considered for relevant radioisotopes. The effect of cosmogenic activation in present and future double beta decay projects based on different types of detectors will be analyzed too.
