论文标题
MFPC-NET:多保真物理受限的神经过程
MFPC-Net: Multi-fidelity Physics-Constrained Neural Process
论文作者
论文摘要
在这项工作中,我们提出了一个可以利用计算廉价低保真数据以及有限的高保真数据来训练替代模型的网络,在该模型中,多效率数据是由多个基础模型生成的。该网络将上下文集作为输入(物理观察点,在观测点处的低忠诚解决方案)和输出(观察到的高忠诚解决方案)对。它使用神经过程来学习对在上下文集进行调节的功能的分布,并在目标集中提供平均值和标准偏差。此外,提议的框架还考虑了控制数据并将其强加于损失函数的约束的可用物理定律。多保真物理约束网络(MFPC-NET)(1)在培训中同时从多个模型中获得的数据集,(2)利用可用的物理信息,(3)学习一个随机过程,可以编码关于两个忠诚度之间的相关性的先验信念,并与几个观察结果以及(4)产生不确定性的预测。神经过程的属性确保了表示一类功能的能力,并通过神经网络中的全球潜在变量实现。使用Lagrange乘数将物理约束添加到损失中。提出了一种优化损失函数的算法,以在临时的基础上有效地训练网络中的参数。一旦受过训练,就可以从新的低保真模型对的一些观察点上进行整个感兴趣领域的快速评估。特别是,可以进一步识别未知参数,例如椭圆PDE中的渗透率字段,具有简单的网络修改。提出了前进和反问题的几个数值示例,以证明该方法的性能。
In this work, we propose a network which can utilize computational cheap low-fidelity data together with limited high-fidelity data to train surrogate models, where the multi-fidelity data are generated from multiple underlying models. The network takes a context set as input (physical observation points, low fidelity solution at observed points) and output (high fidelity solution at observed points) pairs. It uses the neural process to learn a distribution over functions conditioned on context sets and provide the mean and standard deviation at target sets. Moreover, the proposed framework also takes into account the available physical laws that govern the data and imposes them as constraints in the loss function. The multi-fidelity physical constraint network (MFPC-Net) (1) takes datasets obtained from multiple models at the same time in the training, (2) takes advantage of available physical information, (3) learns a stochastic process which can encode prior beliefs about the correlation between two fidelity with a few observations, and (4) produces predictions with uncertainty. The ability of representing a class of functions is ensured by the property of neural process and is achieved by the global latent variables in the neural network. Physical constraints are added to the loss using Lagrange multipliers. An algorithm to optimize the loss function is proposed to effectively train the parameters in the network on an ad hoc basis. Once trained, one can obtain fast evaluations at the entire domain of interest given a few observation points from a new low-and high-fidelity model pair. Particularly, one can further identify the unknown parameters such as permeability fields in elliptic PDEs with a simple modification of the network. Several numerical examples for both forward and inverse problems are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.