论文标题
主要纳米线中的三端非局部电导：在具有无效和不均匀潜力的现实系统中区分拓扑和微不足道的拓扑和微不足道
Three-terminal nonlocal conductance in Majorana nanowires: Distinguishing topological and trivial in realistic systems with disorder and inhomogeneous potential
论文作者
论文摘要
我们开发了主要纳米线中三末端非局部电导的理论，如超导型杂交结构中存在于超导接近，自旋轨道耦合和Zeeman裂解的情况下。解决的关键问题是，这种非局部电导是否可以在存在化学潜力不均匀性和随机杂质障碍的情况下决定性地区分微不足道和拓扑主体。我们计算原始纳米线（良好的零偏置电导峰）的局部电气以及非局部电气和热电导，在存在量子点和不均匀电位的情况下，纳米线（纳米电峰）（零偏置电导率不良）（不良的零偏置电导峰），以及在存在大型疾病的情况下纳米线（纳米线）。局部电导本身无法区分琐事状态与拓扑状态，因为零偏置电导峰在存在和不均匀的潜力的情况下是一般的。在拓扑量子相变的情况下，非局部电导原则上能够提供大容量的间隙缩小和重新打开信息，在幅度上太弱了，在存在混乱和无均匀潜力的情况下特别有用。因此，我们关注的问题是，局部，非局部电气和热电导的组合是否可以在有限的长度线中分离好，坏和丑陋的零偏置电导峰。我们的论文旨在为未来的实验提供指南，我们得出结论，对于纳米线中拓扑主群零模式的决定性证明，所有三个测量都必须结合使用 - 仅与一种相对应的测量值是误报，这是由无序和无敏能的潜在产生的误报。
We develop a theory for the three-terminal nonlocal conductance in Majorana nanowires as existing in the superconductor-semiconductor hybrid structures in the presence of superconducting proximity, spin-orbit coupling, and Zeeman splitting. The key question addressed is whether such nonlocal conductance can decisively distinguish between trivial and topological Majorana scenarios in the presence of chemical potential inhomogeneity and random impurity disorder. We calculate the local electrical as well as nonlocal electrical and thermal conductance of the pristine nanowire (good zero-bias conductance peaks), the nanowire in the presence of quantum dots and inhomogeneous potential (bad zero-bias conductance peaks), and the nanowire in the presence of large disorder (ugly zero-bias conductance peaks). The local conductance by itself is incapable of distinguishing the trivial states from the topological states since zero-bias conductance peaks are generic in the presence of disorder and inhomogeneous potential. The nonlocal conductance, which in principle is capable of providing the bulk gap closing and reopening information at the topological quantum phase transition, is found to be far too weak in magnitude to be particularly useful in the presence of disorder and inhomogeneous potential. Therefore, we focus on the question of whether the combination of the local, nonlocal electrical, and thermal conductance can separate the good, bad, and ugly zero-bias conductance peaks in finite-length wires. Our paper aims to provide a guide to future experiments, and we conclude that a combination of all three measurements would be necessary for a decisive demonstration of topological Majorana zero modes in nanowires -- positive signals corresponding to just one kind of measurements are likely to be false positives arising from disorder and inhomogeneous potential.
