论文标题
选举行政部门
Electing the Executive Branch
论文作者
论文摘要
行政部门或政府通常不是由人民直接选举的,而是由另一个当选的机构或国会或总统等人组成的。结果,其成员并不直接对人民或作为一个小组负责。我们考虑了一种情况,即政府成员直接由人民选举产生,并希望在这样做的同时达到比例。我们提出了一个由$ K $办公室组成的正式模型,每个办公室都有自己的候选人脱节,以及为所有办公室提供批准投票的一组选民。我们希望确定良好的聚合规则,将一个候选人分配给每个办公室。由于对每个办公室使用简单的多数投票可能会完全无视少数群体的偏好,因此我们在这里考虑适应了比例批准投票的贪婪变体(Greedypav),并通过基于计算机的模拟来证明 - 如何使用此规则弥补这一弱点来对所有办公室进行投票。我们注意到,该方法也适用于采用直接民主的一方,党员在联盟政府中选举党的代表。
The executive branch, or government, is typically not elected directly by the people, but rather formed by another elected body or person such as the parliament or the president. As a result, its members are not directly accountable to the people, individually or as a group. We consider a scenario in which the members of the government are elected directly by the people, and wish to achieve proportionality while doing so. We propose a formal model consisting of $k$ offices, each with its own disjoint set of candidates, and a set of voters who provide approval ballots for all offices. We wish to identify good aggregation rules that assign one candidate to each office. As using a simple majority vote for each office independently might result in disregarding minority preferences altogether, here we consider an adaptation of the greedy variant of Proportional Approval Voting (GreedyPAV) to our setting, and demonstrate -- through computer-based simulations -- how voting for all offices together using this rule overcomes this weakness. We note that the approach is applicable also to a party that employs direct democracy, where party members elect the party's representatives in a coalition government.