论文标题
实用量子计算：本地计算的价值
Practical Quantum Computing: The value of local computation
论文作者
论文摘要
当我们进入有用的量子计算机时代时，我们需要更好地了解经典支持硬件的局限性，并开发缓解技术以确保有效的量子使用。在本文中，我们讨论了近期量子计算机中的三个关键瓶颈：由中央处理单元（CPU）和量子处理单元（QPU）之间的数据传输引起的带宽限制，在硬件中，往返通信的延迟延迟，以及高误差率驱动的时机限制。在每种情况下，我们都会考虑一种近期量子算法来突出显示瓶颈：随机基准测试，以展示带宽限制，自适应噪声，中间量表量子（NISQ）时代 - 潜伏期瓶颈和量子误差校正技术的算法，以突出限制限制的限制，以突出显示出Qubit错误率。在所有三种情况下，我们讨论了这些瓶颈是如何在执行CPU上所有经典计算的当前范式中出现的，以及如何通过在QPU中提供对本地经典计算资源的访问来减轻这些瓶颈。
As we enter the era of useful quantum computers we need to better understand the limitations of classical support hardware, and develop mitigation techniques to ensure effective qubit utilisation. In this paper we discuss three key bottlenecks in near-term quantum computers: bandwidth restrictions arising from data transfer between central processing units (CPUs) and quantum processing units (QPUs), latency delays in the hardware for round-trip communication, and timing restrictions driven by high error rates. In each case we consider a near-term quantum algorithm to highlight the bottleneck: randomised benchmarking to showcase bandwidth limitations, adaptive noisy, intermediate scale quantum (NISQ)-era algorithms for the latency bottleneck and quantum error correction techniques to highlight the restrictions imposed by qubit error rates. In all three cases we discuss how these bottlenecks arise in the current paradigm of executing all the classical computation on the CPU, and how these can be mitigated by providing access to local classical computational resources in the QPU.
