论文标题
复杂地球系统的统计物理方法
Statistical physics approaches to the complex Earth system
论文作者
论文摘要
全球气候变化，极端气候事件，地震及其随附的自然灾害对人类构成了重大风险。然而，由于非线性反馈，战略互动和地球系统的复杂结构，理解，尤其是对这种破坏性事件的预测代表了科学和政策社区的巨大挑战。在过去的几年中，地球系统科学的出现和演变引起了很多关注，并产生了新的概念和框架。特别是，已经开发并实施了新型的统计物理学和基于复杂的网络技术，以实质上促进我们的知识，以更好地了解地球系统，包括气候极端事件，地震和地球几何浮雕特征，从而大大改善了预测性能。我们在这里对统计物理学和复杂系统科学方法的开发和应用中最近的科学进步进行了全面综述，例如批判现象，网络理论，渗透，临界点分析以及熵可以应用于复杂的地球系统（气候，地震等）。值得注意的是，这些集成工具和方法为理解地球系统的动态提供了新的见解和观点。这篇评论的总体目的是为读者提供有关统计物理方法如何在地球系统科学领域有用的知识。
Global climate change, extreme climate events, earthquakes and their accompanying natural disasters pose significant risks to humanity. Yet due to the nonlinear feedbacks, strategic interactions and complex structure of the Earth system, the understanding and in particular the predicting of such disruptive events represent formidable challenges for both scientific and policy communities. During the past years, the emergence and evolution of Earth system science has attracted much attention and produced new concepts and frameworks. Especially, novel statistical physics and complex networks-based techniques have been developed and implemented to substantially advance our knowledge for a better understanding of the Earth system, including climate extreme events, earthquakes and Earth geometric relief features, leading to substantially improved predictive performances. We present here a comprehensive review on the recent scientific progress in the development and application of how combined statistical physics and complex systems science approaches such as, critical phenomena, network theory, percolation, tipping points analysis, as well as entropy can be applied to complex Earth systems (climate, earthquakes, etc.). Notably, these integrating tools and approaches provide new insights and perspectives for understanding the dynamics of the Earth systems. The overall aim of this review is to offer readers the knowledge on how statistical physics approaches can be useful in the field of Earth system science.
