论文标题
支持专家对历史科学著作的紧密分析：近乎阅读的案例研究
Supporting Expert Close Analysis of Historical Scientific Writings: A Case Study for Near-by Reading
论文作者
论文摘要
遥远的阅读方法利用计算过程来有助于分析大型文本语料库，由于其数量，这可能不适合传统的学术分析方法。尽管这些方法已有效地应用于各种类型的文本和上下文中，但它们可以在人文学科等历史学科中的学者的需求留下深刻的印象，而历史经常经常对来源进行仔细阅读。用一些遥远的阅读工具（例如可视化）来补充对文本的仔细分析，可以解决一些问题。我们专注于此交叉点的特定类别 - 我们将其称为近乎阅读的---其中专家对他们熟悉的文本进行了计算机介导的分析。我们通过为J. W. von Goethe和A. P. de Candolle撰写的19世纪科学著作的近乎读取的视觉分析应用程序提供了一种示例。我们表明，即使是科学论文等最正式和最公共的文本，也可以揭示作者本身可能没有认识到的未表现的个人偏见和哲学。
Distant reading methodologies make use of computational processes to aid in the analysis of large text corpora which might not be pliable to traditional methods of scholarly analysis due to their volume. While these methods have been applied effectively to a variety of types of texts and contexts, they can leave unaddressed the needs of scholars in the humanities disciplines like history, who often engage in close reading of sources. Complementing the close analysis of texts with some of the tools of distant reading, such as visualization, can resolve some of the issues. We focus on a particular category of this intersection---which we refer to as near-by reading---wherein an expert engages in a computer-mediated analysis of a text with which they are familiar. We provide an example of this approach by developing a visual analysis application for the near-by reading of 19th-century scientific writings by J. W. von Goethe and A. P. de Candolle. We show that even the most formal and public texts, such as scientific treatises, can reveal unexpressed personal biases and philosophies that the authors themselves might not have recognized.
