论文标题

深层神经网络的持续学习的全面看法:被遗忘的课程和积极和开放世界学习的桥梁

A Wholistic View of Continual Learning with Deep Neural Networks: Forgotten Lessons and the Bridge to Active and Open World Learning

论文作者

Mundt, Martin, Hong, Yongwon, Pliushch, Iuliia, Ramesh, Visvanathan

论文摘要

如果当前的深度学习方法在经验上在专用的测试集上表现良好,则认为它们是有利的。这种心态无缝地反映在连续学习的重新铺面领域,在这些领域中,研究了数据。核心挑战是因为保护先前获得的表示形式免受灾难性遗忘。但是,通过监视累积的基准测试集的性能,可以与现实世界隔离地进行单个方法的比较。封闭的世界假设仍然是主要的,即对模型进行了评估,该数据保证源自与训练相同的分布。这构成了巨大的挑战,因为众所周知,神经网络可以对未知和损坏的实例提供过度自信的错误预测。在这项工作中,我们对文献进行了批判性调查,并认为来自开放式识别的值得注意的经验教训,在观察到的集合之外识别未知的例子,以及在深度学习时代,经常忽略邻近的积极学习领域,查询数据以最大程度地提高预期的绩效增长。因此,我们提出了一种合并的观点,以弥合深度神经网络中的持续学习,积极学习和开放式识别。最后,既定的协同作用得到了经验的支持,在减轻灾难性遗忘,查询数据,选择任务订单的同时表现出强大的开放世界应用方面表现出关节改善。

Current deep learning methods are regarded as favorable if they empirically perform well on dedicated test sets. This mentality is seamlessly reflected in the resurfacing area of continual learning, where consecutively arriving data is investigated. The core challenge is framed as protecting previously acquired representations from being catastrophically forgotten. However, comparison of individual methods is nevertheless performed in isolation from the real world by monitoring accumulated benchmark test set performance. The closed world assumption remains predominant, i.e. models are evaluated on data that is guaranteed to originate from the same distribution as used for training. This poses a massive challenge as neural networks are well known to provide overconfident false predictions on unknown and corrupted instances. In this work we critically survey the literature and argue that notable lessons from open set recognition, identifying unknown examples outside of the observed set, and the adjacent field of active learning, querying data to maximize the expected performance gain, are frequently overlooked in the deep learning era. Hence, we propose a consolidated view to bridge continual learning, active learning and open set recognition in deep neural networks. Finally, the established synergies are supported empirically, showing joint improvement in alleviating catastrophic forgetting, querying data, selecting task orders, while exhibiting robust open world application.

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