论文标题
麦克斯韦恶魔的新波动定理
New Fluctuation Theorem on Maxwell's Demon
论文作者
论文摘要
随着对系统在纳米和介质量表上控制系统的兴趣越来越多，研究通过完善麦克斯韦恶魔的概念来关注开放系统中能量耗散的极限。众所周知的萨川 - 迪达（Sagawa-douda）的波动定理提供了对恶魔的解释：缺乏恶魔信息的一部分会导致不当的熵产生，侵犯了热力学第二定律。意识到恶魔不仅对系统贡献，而且对环境有贡献，我们引入了耗散信息来量化恶魔的总贡献，而不是使用不当的熵产生。我们证明了基于此的一组新的波动定理，可以用来揭示恶魔背后的真相：受控系统不会在任何粗粒的级别上违反第二定律以控制恶魔的控制。但是，存在不可避免的恶魔引起的耗散信息，这总是会增加熵的产生。这些定理的结果是，与ueda-sagawa定理所预测的限制相比，可以通过恶魔分别提取和生成更多的工作和更多的热量。我们还建议可以实现这些工作和热界的实验估计，这可以测量和测试。
With the increasing interest for the control of the system at the nano and mesoscopic scales, studies have been focused on the limit of the energy dissipation in an open system by refining the concept of the Maxwell's demon. The well-known Sagawa-Ueda fluctuation theorem provides an explanation of the demon: the absence of a part of demon's information leads to an improper entropy production which violates the thermodynamic 2nd law. Realizing that the demon contributes not only to the system but also to the environments, we introduce the dissipative information to quantify the total contribution of the demon, rather than using an improper entropy production. We prove a set of new fluctuation theorems based on this, which can be used to uncover the truth behind the demon: The controlled system does not violate the 2nd law at any coarse-grained level for the demon's control. However, there exists an inevitable demon-induced dissipative information which always increases the entropy production. A consequence of these theorems is that, less work and more heat can be extracted and generated respectively by a demon than the limits predicted by the Ueda-Sagawa theorem. We also suggest a possible realization of the experimental estimation of these work and heat bounds, which can be measured and tested.
