论文标题
量子分层系统:通过粗粒,相关噪声的腐蚀性的波动力
Quantum Hierarchical Systems: Fluctuation Force by Coarse-Graining, Decoherence by Correlation Noise
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管通过Langevin Dynamics分析开放量子系统(具有专制鸿沟)中耗散,波动,噪音和消散性的问题是熟悉的受试者,但Boltzmann在封闭的量子系统中对相应问题的处理更加微妙,这是Boltzmann在许多同等构成系统中的散散性解释的解释所见证的,这是一个典型的系统的解释。如何提取有关封闭民主体系的有用的物理信息,没有明显的方法可以将一种组成部分与另一种组成部分区分开,也没有保护某些特殊类型变量的保护法,例如流体动力变量 - 这是我们在本文中提出的问题。我们从鲍尔茨曼(Boltzmann)和兰格文(Langevin)那里汲取灵感,我们研究a)层次结构秩序如何引入封闭的民主制度 - 由实质或代表定义,b)b)b)b)如何按特定顺序执行层次的粗粒,可以促进我们在微动力学中产生宏观障碍的理解。我们在:a)Bbgky层次结构中的相关噪声的推导以及如何使用Boltzmann-Langevin方程中的两个示例。 b)通过在介质,量子场和原子的内部自由度中相关变量的有序粗晶节来推导量子波动力。
While the issues of dissipation, fluctuations, noise and decoherence in open quantum systems (with autocratic divide) analyzed via Langevin dynamics are familiar subjects, the treatment of corresponding issues in closed quantum systems is more subtle, as witnessed by Boltzmann's explanation of dissipation in a macroscopic system made up of many equal constituents (a democratic system). How to extract useful physical information about a closed democratic system with no obvious ways to distinguish one constituent from another, nor the existence of conservation laws governing certain special kinds of variables, e.g., the hydrodynamic variables -- this is the question we raise in this essay. Taking the inspirations from Boltzmann and Langevin, we study a) how a hierarchical order introduced to a closed democratic system -- defined either by substance or by representation, and b) how hierarchical coarse-graining, executed in a specific order, can facilitate our understanding in how macro-behaviors arise from micro-dynamics. We give two examples in: a) the derivation of correlation noises in the BBGKY hierarchy and how using a Boltzmann-Langevin equation one can study the decoherence of the lower order correlations; and b) the derivation of quantum fluctuation forces by ordered coarse-grainings of the relevant variables in the medium, the quantum field and the internal degrees of freedom of an atom.