论文标题
隔离期间生产率的悖论：基于代理的模拟
The paradox of productivity during quarantine: an agent-based simulation
论文作者
论文摘要
由于封锁和社会限制措施，尽管快速切换到远程工作，但全球经济体被束缚。 “水冷却器效应”可能部分解释了这种衰落，该效应认为，由于人们的情绪增强，更高水平的社交互动会导致更高的生产率。但是，有些自相矛盾的是，在远程工作方案中有提高生产率的报道。在这里，我们使用各种社会心理学的实验发现来定量解决这个问题，这些发现解决了情绪，社会互动和生产力之间的相互作用，以为一个基于代理的模型为工作场所建立一个由外向和内向的代理人刻板印象组成的工作场所，这些模型仅在其倾向上差异，而这些观念仅在其倾向上与其启动社交互动的倾向相差。我们发现，减少社交互动的影响取决于工作组中的刻板印象的比例：虽然社会限制措施始终对主要由内向的人组成的群体的生产率产生负面影响，但实际上它们可能会提高主要由外向型组成的群体的生产率。我们的结果提供了一个概念证明，即可以通过考虑社会疏远措施对性格外向和内向的措施的明显影响来解释隔离期间生产力的悖论。
Economies across the globe were brought to their knees due to lockdowns and social restriction measures to contain the spread of the SARS-CoV-2, despite the quick switch to remote working. This downfall may be partially explained by the "water cooler effect", which holds that higher levels of social interaction lead to higher productivity due to a boost in people's mood. Somewhat paradoxically, however, there are reports of increased productivity in the remote working scenario. Here we address quantitatively this issue using a variety of experimental findings of social psychology that address the interplay between mood, social interaction and productivity to set forth an agent-based model for a workplace composed of extrovert and introvert agent stereotypes that differ solely on their propensities to initiate a social interaction. We find that the effects of curtailing social interactions depend on the proportion of the stereotypes in the working group: while the social restriction measures always have a negative impact on the productivity of groups composed predominantly of introverts, they may actually improve the productivity of groups composed predominantly of extroverts. Our results offer a proof of concept that the paradox of productivity during quarantine can be explained by taking into account the distinct effects of the social distancing measures on extroverts and introverts.
