论文标题
Rosina Ion动物园，彗星67p
ROSINA ion zoo at Comet 67P
论文作者
论文摘要
Rosetta航天器护送Comet 67p/Churyumov-Gerasimenko在3.8至1.24〜Au之间的太阳系中持续了2年。多亏了Rosetta上高分辨率质谱仪的高分辨率质谱仪，首次对昏迷中的详细离子组成进行了准确评估。以前的彗星任务，例如$ \ text {giotto} $，没有工具能力来识别昏迷中等离子体的确切性质，因为船上光谱仪的质量分辨率太低，无法分离具有相似质量的离子物种。相比之下，双聚焦质谱仪（DFMS）是Rosetta轨道轨道光谱仪的一部分，用于离子和中性分析的Rosetta（Rosina）的中性分析，其高质量分辨率模式均优于所有这些，从而揭示了彗星离子的多样性。我们从2014年10月到2016年4月校准并分析了DFM在离子模式下获取的光谱集。特别是，我们专注于13-39 U $ \ CDOT $ Q $ Q $^{ - 1} $。 DFM的高质量分辨率允许对具有准模拟质量的离子进行准确的识别，例如，将$^{13} $ C $^+$与Ch $^+$分开。我们确认彗星预测阳离子的原位存在，例如ch $ _m^+$（$ m = 1-4 $），h $ _n $ _n $ o $ $^+$（$ n = 1-3 $），o $^+$，na $^+$，以及几个电离和质子分子。在罗塞塔（Rosetta）之前，从基于地球的观察结果中仅证实其中的一小部分。此外，我们首次报道了太阳系主体的气体信封中明确存在分子dication，即$ _2^{++} $。
The Rosetta spacecraft escorted Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko for 2 years along its journey through the Solar System between 3.8 and 1.24~au. Thanks to the high resolution mass spectrometer on board Rosetta, the detailed ion composition within a coma has been accurately assessed in situ for the very first time. Previous cometary missions, such as $\text{Giotto}$, did not have the instrumental capabilities to identify the exact nature of the plasma in a coma because the mass resolution of the spectrometers onboard was too low to separate ion species with similar masses. In contrast, the Double Focusing Mass Spectrometer (DFMS), part of the Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis on board Rosetta (ROSINA), with its high mass resolution mode, outperformed all of them, revealing the diversity of cometary ions. We calibrated and analysed the set of spectra acquired by DFMS in ion mode from October 2014 to April 2016. In particular, we focused on the range from 13-39 u$\cdot$q$^{-1}$. The high mass resolution of DFMS allows for accurate identifications of ions with quasi-similar masses, separating $^{13}$C$^+$ from CH$^+$, for instance. We confirm the presence in situ of predicted cations at comets, such as CH$_m^+$ ($m=1-4$), H$_n$O$^+$ ($n=1-3$), O$^+$, Na$^+$, and several ionised and protonated molecules. Prior to Rosetta, only a fraction of them had been confirmed from Earth-based observations. In addition, we report for the first time the unambiguous presence of a molecular dication in the gas envelope of a Solar System body, namely CO$_2^{++}$.
