论文标题
日本冲绳亚热带岛沿海地表水样品中小型微塑料的原位分析
In-situ analysis of small microplastics in coastal surface water samples of the subtropical island of Okinawa, Japan
论文作者
论文摘要
海洋塑料碎片被广泛认为是全球环境问题。上尺寸极限为20 UM的太阳微米塑料颗粒已被确定为对海洋生态系统造成损害的可能性最高。具有准确的方法来量化自然环境中这种粒子的丰度对于定义它们提出的问题的程度至关重要。使用光学微拉曼镊子设置，我们已经确定了从冲绳亚热带岛周围沿海地面水收集的海洋聚集体中捕获的颗粒的组成。在单粒子水平上的化学成分分析表明低密度聚乙烯的优势是，这占了分析的总微米塑料的75％。我们的结果表明，在所有测试地点的塑料发生，在人类活动较高的地区的浓度最高。聚苯乙烯的平均最小亚微米塑料大小为（2.53 +/- 0.85）。我们还观察到塑料光谱上的其他拉曼峰，碎屑尺寸降低，这可能与有机物中的风化或嵌入有关的结构修饰有关。通过单粒子水平的亚微米塑料识别，我们可以开始理解它们在海洋中的分散，并定义它们的毒性以及对海洋生物多样性和食物链的影响。
Marine plastic debris is widely recognized as a global environmental issue. Sun-micron plastic particles, with an upper size limit of 20 um, have been identified as having the highest potential for causing damage to marine ecosystems. Having accurate methods for quantifying the abundance of such particles in a natural environment is essential for defining the extent of the problem they pose. Using an optical micro-Raman tweezers setup, we have identified the composition of particles trapped in marine aggregates collected from the coastal surface waters around the subtropical island of Okinawa. Chemical composition analysis at the single-particle level indicates dominance by low-density polyethylene, which accounted for 75% of the total sub-micron plastics analyzed. Our results show the occurrence of plastics at all test sites, with the highest concentration in areas with high human activities. The average, smallest sub-micron plastics size is (2.53 +/- 0.85)um for polystyrene. We also observed additional Raman peaks on the plastics spectrum with decreasing debris size which could be related to structural modification due to weathering or embedding in organic matter. By single-particle level sub-micron plastics identification, we can begin to understand their dispersion in the ocean and define their toxicity and impacts on marine biodiversity and food chain.
