论文标题
为什么计算机程序是一个功能性的整体
Why a computer program is a functional whole
论文作者
论文摘要
共享，下载和重复使用软件很普遍，其中一些是通过开源软件合法执行的。当它不合法时，尚不清楚发生了多少版权侵权和商业秘密违规行为：侵权是整体上的人工制品的数量，或者是该程序的每个文件的数量？要回答这个问题，必须首先确定是否应将程序视为整体，集合或仅一组不同的文件以及原因。我们认为，一个程序是一个功能性的整体，利用并结合了来自Mereology，粒度，模块化，统一性和功能的论点，以证实该主张。论点和答案有助于软件文物的本体论，可以帮助行业诉讼案件，并证明统一关系的概念是可操作的。间接地，它为既定的工程实践后的持续模块化设计提供了支持。
Sharing, downloading, and reusing software is common-place, some of which is carried out legally with open source software. When it is not legal, it is unclear just how many copyright infringements and trade secret violations have taken place: does an infringement count for the artefact as a whole or perhaps for each file of the program? To answer this question, it must first be established whether a program should be considered as an integral whole, a collection, or a mere set of distinct files, and why. We argue that a program is a functional whole, availing of, and combining, arguments from mereology, granularity, modularity, unity, and function to substantiate the claim. The argumentation and answer contributes to the ontology of software artefacts, may assist industry in litigation cases, and demonstrates that the notion of unifying relation is operationalisable. Indirectly, it provides support for continued modular design of artefacts following established engineering practices.
