论文标题
机器人在COVID-19响应中的应用
Applications of Robots for COVID-19 Response
论文作者
论文摘要
本文回顾了262份报告，这些报告在2020年3月27日至7月4日之间出现在新闻界，社交媒体和科学文献中，描述了203个实际使用104种不同模型的地面和空中机器人的实例。这些报告由利益相关者和工作领域组织成六个应用程序类别的新型分类法，这反映了工作信封，采用策略和人类机器人互动约束的主要差异。根据任务差异，每个应用程序类别将进一步分为30个子类别。报告的事件数量最多的是公共安全（203分中的74个）和临床护理（46），尽管生活质量的机器人（27），工作和教育的连续性（22），实验室和供应链自动化（21）和非临床护理（13）是显着的。地面机器人的使用频率（119）比空中系统（84）更频繁，但是与地面机器人不同，空中应用似乎利用了用于多个应用和任务的现有通用平台。在104个机器人模型中，有82个被确定为商业上可用或已经作为原型存在，有11个是对现有机器人的修改，从头开始建造了11个。远程运行主导了控制风格（105个实例），其中大多数应用程序有意提供远程存在，因此将来不适合完全自治。自动化占了74个实例和可任务代理的自治形式，24。数据提出了用于进一步研究自治，人类机器人互动和适应性的领域。
This paper reviews 262 reports appearing between March 27 and July 4, 2020, in the press, social media, and scientific literature describing 203 instances of actual use of 104 different models of ground and aerial robots for the COVID19 response. The reports are organized by stakeholders and work domain into a novel taxonomy of six application categories, reflecting major differences in work envelope, adoption strategy, and human-robot interaction constraints. Each application category is further divided into a total of 30 subcategories based on differences in mission. The largest number of reported instances were for public safety (74 out of 203) and clinical care (46), though robots for quality of life (27), continuity of work and education (22), laboratory and supply chain automation (21), and non-clinical care (13) were notable. Ground robots were used more frequently (119) than aerial systems (84), but unlike ground robots, aerial applications appeared to take advantage of existing general purpose platforms that were used for multiple applications and missions. Of the 104 models of robots, 82 were determined to be commercially available or already existed as a prototype, 11 were modifications to existing robots, 11 were built from scratch. Teleoperation dominated the control style (105 instances), with the majority of those applications intentionally providing remote presence and thus not amenable to full autonomy in the future. Automation accounted for 74 instances and taskable agency forms of autonomy, 24. The data suggests areas for further research in autonomy, human-robot interaction, and adaptability.
