论文标题
第一个太阳能颗粒在月边测得
First Solar energetic particles measured on the Lunar far-side
论文作者
论文摘要
2019年5月6日,月球远处的lunar着陆器中子和剂量测定法(LND)实验在较远的月球上检测到其第一个小太阳能粒子(SEP)事件,质子能量高达21mev。基于LND,SOHO/EPHIN和ACE/EPAM测量结果研究了组合的质子能谱,这些测量表明LND可以从月球特殊位置提供补充数据集,从而有助于我们现有的观察结果和对空间环境的理解。速度色散分析(VDA)已应用于脉冲电子事件和弱质子增强,结果表明,在爆发发作后仅22分钟释放电子,在II型无线电爆发后$ \ sim $ \ sim $ \ sim,而质子释放后质子释放一小时以上,电子释放超过一小时。原位电子的冲动增强和衍生的早期释放时间表明源和地球之间存在良好的磁连接。但是,来自地球和STA的立体遥感观察表明,SEP与距离地球磁足的活动区域相关联。这表明这些SEP的传播在弹道图模型下无法遵循标称的Parker螺旋,并且在此事件期间,电子和质子的释放和传播机制可能会显着差异。
On 2019 May 6, the Lunar Lander Neutron & Dosimetry (LND) Experiment on board the Chang'E-4 on the far-side of the Moon detected its first small solar energetic particle (SEP) event with proton energies up to 21MeV. Combined proton energy spectra are studied based on the LND, SOHO/EPHIN and ACE/EPAM measurements which show that LND could provide a complementary dataset from a special location on the Moon, contributing to our existing observations and understanding of space environment. Velocity dispersion analysis (VDA) has been applied to the impulsive electron event and weak proton enhancement and the results demonstrate that electrons are released only 22 minutes after the flare onset and $\sim$15 minutes after type II radio burst, while protons are released more than one hour after the electron release. The impulsive enhancement of the in-situ electrons and the derived early release time indicate a good magnetic connection between the source and Earth. However, stereoscopic remote-sensing observations from Earth and STA suggest that the SEPs are associated with an active region nearly 100$^\circ$ away from the magnetic footpoint of Earth. This suggests that the propagation of these SEPs could not follow a nominal Parker spiral under the ballistic mapping model and the release and propagation mechanism of electrons and protons are likely to differ significantly during this event.