论文标题

为了提高BFT共识的表现,以供将来的权限区块链

Towards Improving the Performance of BFT Consensus For Future Permissioned Blockchains

论文作者

Bravo, Manuel, István, Zsolt, Sit, Man-Kit

论文摘要

企业用例中越来越多地考虑了许可的区块链,其中许多不需要地理分布,甚至由于立法而禁止它。示例包括诸如Alastria之类的国家 /地区的网络,或使用基于云的平台(例如IBM区块链平台)部署的网络。我们希望这些区块链最终能够在具有较高带宽和低延迟现代网络的环境中运行,以及服务器中的高级可编程硬件加速器。 即使对BFT共识算法具有针对授权的区块链的各种建议的重新兴趣,但相关工作并没有针对快速网络进行优化,并且不包括硬件加速器 - 我们表明,从长远来看,这样做将会获得回报。为此,我们以一种使我们能够测量协议的不同配置的方式重新实现了精确的PBFT算法。通过此,我们探讨了各种常见优化策略的好处,并表明该协议不太可能在不依赖基于专业硬件的卸载的情况下饱和超过10Gbps网络。我们讨论了两种具体的方式,在高速网络环境中可以减少有权限区块链中共识的成本,即,将其卸载到智能基金会并在独立的FPGA上实施协议。

Permissioned Blockchains are increasingly considered in enterprise use-cases, many of which do not require geo-distribution, or even disallow it due to legislation. Examples include country-wide networks, such as Alastria, or those deployed using cloud-based platforms such as IBM Blockchain Platform. We expect these blockchains to eventually run in environments with high bandwidth and low latency modern networks, as well as, advanced programmable hardware accelerators in servers. Even though there is renewed interest in BFT consensus algorithms with various proposals targeting Permissioned Blockchains, related work does not optimize for fast networks and does not incorporate hardware accelerators -- we make the case that doing so will pay off in the long run. To this end, we re-implemented the seminal PBFT algorithm in a way that allows us to measure different configurations of the protocol. Through this we explore the benefits of various common optimization strategies and show that the protocol is unlikely to saturate more than 10Gbps networks without relying on specialized hardware-based offloading. We discuss two concrete ways in which the cost of consensus in Permissioned Blockchains could be reduced in high speed networking environments, namely, offloading to SmartNICs and implementing the protocol on standalone FPGAs.

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