论文标题
自动裂纹检测评估标准的研究关于随机分形
A Study on Evaluation Standard for Automatic Crack Detection Regard the Random Fractal
论文作者
论文摘要
合理的评估标准是有效深度学习模型的构建。但是,我们在实验中发现,基于深度学习的自动裂纹检测器显然被广泛使用的平均平均精度(MAP)标准所低估。本文介绍了评估标准的研究。可以澄清的是,裂纹的随机分形可以禁用地图标准,因为在地图计算中匹配的严格盒子对于分形特征是不合理的。作为一种解决方案,提出了一个名为Coveval的分形评估标准,以纠正裂纹检测中的低估。在Coveval中,该问题采用了基于盖框匹配的想法的不同匹配过程。详细说明,覆盖面积(CAR)被设计为覆盖重叠,并采用多匹配策略来释放MAP中一对一的匹配限制。定义用于对裂纹检测器进行评分的扩展召回(XR),扩展精度(XP)和扩展的F-SCORE(FEXT)定义。在使用几个常见框架进行对象检测的实验中,根据Coveval,模型在裂纹检测中获得了更高的分数,这与视觉性能更好。此外,基于更快的R-CNN框架,我们提出了一个案例研究,以根据Coveval标准优化裂纹检测器。我们最佳模型的召回(XR)以95.8的形式达到了工业级别,这意味着有合理的评估标准,对象检测的方法具有自动工业检查的巨大潜力。
A reasonable evaluation standard underlies construction of effective deep learning models. However, we find in experiments that the automatic crack detectors based on deep learning are obviously underestimated by the widely used mean Average Precision (mAP) standard. This paper presents a study on the evaluation standard. It is clarified that the random fractal of crack disables the mAP standard, because the strict box matching in mAP calculation is unreasonable for the fractal feature. As a solution, a fractal-available evaluation standard named CovEval is proposed to correct the underestimation in crack detection. In CovEval, a different matching process based on the idea of covering box matching is adopted for this issue. In detail, Cover Area rate (CAr) is designed as a covering overlap, and a multi-match strategy is employed to release the one-to-one matching restriction in mAP. Extended Recall (XR), Extended Precision (XP) and Extended F-score (Fext) are defined for scoring the crack detectors. In experiments using several common frameworks for object detection, models get much higher scores in crack detection according to CovEval, which matches better with the visual performance. Moreover, based on faster R-CNN framework, we present a case study to optimize a crack detector based on CovEval standard. Recall (XR) of our best model achieves an industrial-level at 95.8, which implies that with reasonable standard for evaluation, the methods for object detection are with great potential for automatic industrial inspection.