论文标题
在视觉系统的临床评估和实验研究中，出色的，平均调节闪烁的液晶显示（LCD）
Liquid-crystal display (LCD) of achromatic, mean-modulated flicker in clinical assessment and experimental studies of visual systems
论文作者
论文摘要
出色的，平均调制的闪烁（随着时间的流逝，将同等幅度的亮度增量和相同幅度的减小应用于测试场）通常用于视觉研究的临床评估和视觉系统的实验研究。但是，在计算机控制的显示器上呈现闪烁是有问题的。显示通常以高闪烁频率或对比度引入亮度伪像，可能会干扰发现的有效性。在这里，我们提出了一系列测试，用于权衡两个显示器的相对优点，以呈现出色的，平均调制的闪烁。这些测试表明，尽管显示供应商提供的供应商提供的规格几乎相同，但新的高效液晶显示（LCD； Eizo Coloredge CG247X）与新的消费级LCD（Dell U2415B）之间存在明显差异。我们使用点仪和线性化的光电二极管测量了亮度。我们得出了几项措施，包括空间均匀性，视角的效果，响应时间，傅立叶振幅光谱和循环平均亮度。我们提出了配对的亮度脉冲，以量化显示器的非线性动力学。 CG247X的空间均匀性相对较好（例如，在中等亮度时，标准偏差为2.8％，而U2415b的5.3％）。名义上静态测试斑块的傅立叶变换显示了没有伪影的光谱，但框架响应除外。 CG247X的上升和秋季时间取决于LCD所期望的亮度，并取决于它的亮度。尽管这种非线性行为，我们还是能够定义一个对比度和频率范围，其中CG247X在很大程度上不含伪像。标称亮度和显示亮度之间的关系是使用因果关系时间传播系统准确建模的。该范围包括多达80％的对比度，闪烁频率高达30 Hz。
Achromatic, mean-modulated flicker (wherein luminance increments and decrements of equal magnitude are applied, over time, to a test field) is commonly used in both clinical assessment of vision and experimental studies of visual systems. However, presenting flicker on computer-controlled displays is problematic; displays typically introduce luminance artifacts at high flicker frequency or contrast, potentially interfering with the validity of findings. Here, we present a battery of tests used to weigh the relative merits of two displays for presenting achromatic, mean-modulated flicker. These tests revealed marked differences between a new high-performance liquid-crystal display (LCD; EIZO ColorEdge CG247X) and a new consumer-grade LCD (Dell U2415b), despite displays' vendor-supplied specifications being almost identical. We measured displayed luminance using a spot meter and a linearized photodiode. We derived several measures, including spatial uniformity, the effect of viewing angle, response times, Fourier amplitude spectra, and cycle-averaged luminance. We presented paired luminance pulses to quantify the displays' nonlinear dynamics. The CG247X showed relatively good spatial uniformity (e.g., at moderate luminance, standard deviation 2.8% versus U2415b's 5.3%). Fourier transformation of nominally static test patches revealed spectra free of artifacts, with the exception of a frame response. The CG247X's rise and fall times depended on both the luminance from which, and to which, it responded, as is to be generally expected from LCDs. Despite this nonlinear behaviour, we were able to define a contrast and frequency range wherein the CG247X appeared largely artifact-free; the relationship between nominal luminance and displayed luminance was accurately modelled using a causal, linear time-invariant system. This range included contrasts up to 80%, and flicker frequencies up to 30 Hz.
