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In this paper we prove that the cohomology of smooth projective tropical varieties verify the tropical analogs of three fundamental theorems which govern the cohomology of complex projective varieties: Hard Lefschetz theorem, Hodge-Riemann relations and monodromy-weight conjecture. On the way to establish these results, we introduce and prove other results of independent interest. This includes a generalization of the results of Adiprasito-Huh-Katz, Hodge theory for combinatorial geometries, to any unimodular quasi-projective fan having the same support as the Bergman fan of a matroid, a tropical analog for Bergman fans of the pioneering work of Feichtner-Yuzvinsky on cohomology of wonderful compactifications (treated in a separate paper, recalled and used here), a combinatorial study of the tropical version of the Steenbrink spectral sequence, a treatment of Kahler forms in tropical geometry and their associated Hodge-Lefschetz structures, a tropical version of the projective bundle formula, and a result in polyhedral geometry on the existence of quasi-projective unimodular triangulations of polyhedral spaces.