论文标题
AGN二分法超出无线电响度:高斯混合模型分析
AGN dichotomy beyond radio loudness: a Gaussian Mixture Model analysis
论文作者
论文摘要
自从发现准恒星对象(QSO)(QSO)(也称为类星体)以来,它们传统上被描述为Radio-Loud和Radio-Quiet来源。这种划分是对高度异质的单个物体人群的误导作用,还是Real尚未回答。观察到光学和无线电排放之间的通量比(通常是$ b $ band和5 GHz),已经证明了这种二分法。多年来,已经积累了类星体中两个人群的证据和种类多样性的种类。无线电响度以外的其他数量似乎也表明了存在两个不同人群的签名。为了通过不同的参数验证二分法的存在,我们采用了基于高斯混合模型(GMM)的软聚类方案,使用以下参数同时对这些对象进行分类:黑洞的质量,颜色和$ r $ lundness Index,以及通常的无线电和$ b $ bar $ bul-bar $ bul-bul-bars LumininSuse。为了研究不同种类的AGN是否表现出任何种群二分法,我们将GMM应用于由光学和无线电信息组成的四个独立目录。我们的结果表明,在所有数据集中,二分法的持久性,尽管有不同选择的参数选择的歧视功率有所不同。尽管单独的无线电响度参数似乎不足以显示二分法,但即使我们考虑其他参数,两个AGN人群的证据也可以持续存在。我们的研究表明,二分法不是误导性的效果,而是真实的。
Since the discovery of Quasi-stellar Objects (QSOs), also known as quasars, they have been traditionally subdivided as radio-loud and radio-quiet sources. Whether such division is a misleading effect from a highly heterogeneous single population of objects, or real has yet to be answered. Such dichotomy has been evidenced by observations of the flux ratio between the optical and radio emissions (usually $B$-band and 5 GHz). Evidence of two populations in quasars and samples of a wide diversity of AGNs has been accumulated over the years. Other quantities beyond radio loudness also seem to show the signature of the existence of two different populations of AGN. To verify the existence of a dichotomy through different parameters, we employed a soft clustering scheme, based on the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), to classify these objects simultaneously using the following parameters: black hole mass, colour and $R$ loudness index, as well as the usual radio and $B$-band luminosity. To investigate whether different kinds of AGNs manifest any population dichotomy, we applied GMM to four independent catalogues composed of both optical and radio information. Our results indicate the persistence of a dichotomy in all datasets, although the discriminating power differs for different choices of parameters. Although the Radio Loudness parameter alone does not seem to be enough to display the dichotomy, the evidence of two populations of AGNs could persist even if we consider other parameters. Our research suggests that the dichotomy is not a misleading effect but real.