论文标题
太阳结构和进化
Solar structure and evolution
论文作者
论文摘要
太阳为恒星结构和进化的一般研究提供了关键的基准。同样，关于太阳内部特性的知识对于理解太阳大气现象（包括太阳磁周期）也很重要。在这里，我简要概述了恒星结构和演变理论，包括所涉及的物理过程和参数。随后是关于太阳进化的讨论，从出生到最新阶段。作为解释与太阳能内部相关的观测值的背景，I提供了对太阳能模型对其计算基础假设的敏感性的相当广泛的分析。然后，我讨论有关太阳能内部的详细信息，这些信息已通过热溶研究和太阳中微子的检测获得，并通过观察到的最轻元素的丰富性提供了进一步的限制。确定太阳表面丰度的修订导致观察性推断和太阳模型之间的一些详细讨论，导致了增加的差异。我终于简要解决了太阳与其他类似恒星的关系，以及对恒星结构和进化的小星言震态研究的前景。
The Sun provides a critical benchmark for the general study of stellar structure and evolution. Also, knowledge about the internal properties of the Sun is important for the understanding of solar atmospheric phenomena, including the solar magnetic cycle. Here I provide a brief overview of the theory of stellar structure and evolution, including the physical processes and parameters that are involved. This is followed by a discussion of solar evolution, extending from the birth to the latest stages. As a background for the interpretation of observations related to the solar interior I provide a rather extensive analysis of the sensitivity of solar models to the assumptions underlying their calculation. I then discuss the detailed information about the solar interior that has become available through helioseismic investigations and the detection of solar neutrinos, with further constraints provided by the observed abundances of the lightest elements. Revisions in the determination of the solar surface abundances have led to increased discrepancies, discussed in some detail, between the observational inferences and solar models. I finally briefly address the relation of the Sun to other similar stars and the prospects for asteroseismic investigations of stellar structure and evolution.
