论文标题

基于概率学习的禁忌搜索预算的最大覆盖率问题

Probability Learning based Tabu Search for the Budgeted Maximum Coverage Problem

论文作者

Li, Liwen, Wei, Zequn, Hao, Jin-Kao, He, Kun

论文摘要

背包问题是可以制定广泛应用的经典模型。在这项工作中,我们处理了预算的最大覆盖范围问题(BMCP),这是一个普遍的0-1背包问题。给定一组具有非负权重的项目和一组具有非负利润的元素,其中每个项目由元素的一个子集组成,BMCP旨在将项目子集包装在容量约束的背包中,以使所选项目的总重量不超过背包容量,并且相关元素的总利润是最大的。请注意,即使多次覆盖了每个元素,每个元素也被计数一次。 BMCP与近年来研究的固定工会背包问题(SUKP)密切相关。然而,作为SUKP的对应问题,BMCP于1999年初引入了BMCP,但从那时起,很少研究它,尤其是没有提出实际算法。通过将增强学习技术与本地搜索过程相结合,我们提出了一种基于概率学习的禁忌搜索(PLTS)算法来解决此NP-HARD问题。所提出的算法通过两个不同的阶段进行迭代,即禁忌搜索阶段和基于概率学习的扰动阶段。由于文献中没有提出的基准实例,因此我们生成具有不同属性的30个基准实例。实验结果表明,我们的PLT算法显着优于总体CPLEX求解器,用于解决溶液质量方面的挑战性BMCP。

Knapsack problems are classic models that can formulate a wide range of applications. In this work, we deal with the Budgeted Maximum Coverage Problem (BMCP), which is a generalized 0-1 knapsack problem. Given a set of items with nonnegative weights and a set of elements with nonnegative profits, where each item is composed of a subset of elements, BMCP aims to pack a subset of items in a capacity-constrained knapsack such that the total weight of the selected items does not exceed the knapsack capacity, and the total profit of the associated elements is maximized. Note that each element is counted once even if it is covered multiple times. BMCP is closely related to the Set-Union Knapsack Problem (SUKP) that is well studied in recent years. As the counterpart problem of SUKP, however, BMCP was introduced early in 1999 but since then it has been rarely studied, especially there is no practical algorithm proposed. By combining the reinforcement learning technique to the local search procedure, we propose a probability learning based tabu search (PLTS) algorithm for addressing this NP-hard problem. The proposed algorithm iterates through two distinct phases, namely a tabu search phase and a probability learning based perturbation phase. As there is no benchmark instances proposed in the literature, we generate 30 benchmark instances with varied properties. Experimental results demonstrate that our PLTS algorithm significantly outperforms the general CPLEX solver for solving the challenging BMCP in terms of the solution quality.

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