论文标题

COVID-19

A Vision-based Social Distancing and Critical Density Detection System for COVID-19

论文作者

Yang, Dongfang, Yurtsever, Ekim, Renganathan, Vishnu, Redmill, Keith A., Özgüner, Ümit

论文摘要

社会距离已被证明是反对感染性冠状病毒疾病2019(Covid-19)的有效措施。但是,个人并未用于跟踪自己与周围环境之间所需的6英尺(2米)距离。一个能够检测个人之间距离并警告其距离的主动监视系统可以减慢致命疾病的传播。此外,衡量感兴趣地区(ROI)中的社会密度和调节流入可以减少社会疏远的违规发生机会。 另一方面,记录数据和不遵守这些措施的个人将违反自由社会的权利。在这里,我们提出了一个基于人工智能(AI)的实时社会距离检测和警告系统,考虑了四个重要的道德因素:(1)该系统绝不应记录/缓存数据,(2)警告不应针对个人,(3)任何人类主管不应在检测/警告循环中,并且该代码应开放式和公众为公众。在此背景下,我们建议使用单眼相机和深度学习的实时对象探测器来衡量社交距离。如果检测到违规行为,则会发出非侵入性的视听警告信号,而无需针对违反社会疏远措施的个人。同样,如果社会密度超过临界值,则系统会发送控制信号以调节流入ROI。我们在现实世界数据集中测试了提出的方法,以衡量其通用性和性能。提出的方法已准备好进行部署,我们的代码是开源的。

Social distancing has been proven as an effective measure against the spread of the infectious COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, individuals are not used to tracking the required 6-feet (2-meters) distance between themselves and their surroundings. An active surveillance system capable of detecting distances between individuals and warning them can slow down the spread of the deadly disease. Furthermore, measuring social density in a region of interest (ROI) and modulating inflow can decrease social distancing violation occurrence chance. On the other hand, recording data and labeling individuals who do not follow the measures will breach individuals' rights in free-societies. Here we propose an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based real-time social distancing detection and warning system considering four important ethical factors: (1) the system should never record/cache data, (2) the warnings should not target the individuals, (3) no human supervisor should be in the detection/warning loop, and (4) the code should be open-source and accessible to the public. Against this backdrop, we propose using a monocular camera and deep learning-based real-time object detectors to measure social distancing. If a violation is detected, a non-intrusive audio-visual warning signal is emitted without targeting the individual who breached the social distancing measure. Also, if the social density is over a critical value, the system sends a control signal to modulate inflow into the ROI. We tested the proposed method across real-world datasets to measure its generality and performance. The proposed method is ready for deployment, and our code is open-sourced.

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