论文标题
软物质科学与19009大流行
Soft matter science and the COVID-19 pandemic
论文作者
论文摘要
对全球对19009大流行的全球反应的基础的大部分科学都在于软物质领域。冠状病毒是复合颗粒，其核酸核心与蛋白质相辅相成，该蛋白质被蛋白质粘的脂质双层壳包围。传播的主要途径是通过空中气溶胶和液滴。与聚合物体液（尤其是粘液）和细胞膜的病毒相互作用控制其感染力，而它们与皮肤和人造表面的相互作用是清洁和消毒的基础，以及口罩和其他个人保护设备的功效。全球对Covid-19的反应突出了软物质知识库中的差距。我们调查了这些差距，尤其是与疾病的传播有关的差距，并提出了可以（并且需要）解决的问题，包括对Covid-19的响应，并为将来的病毒大流传学做好准备。
Much of the science underpinning the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic lies in the soft matter domain. Coronaviruses are composite particles with a core of nucleic acids complexed to proteins surrounded by a protein-studded lipid bilayer shell. A dominant route for transmission is via air-borne aerosols and droplets. Viral interaction with polymeric body fluids, particularly mucus, and cell membranes control their infectivity, while their interaction with skin and artificial surfaces underpins cleaning and disinfection and the efficacy of masks and other personal protective equipment. The global response to COVID-19 has highlighted gaps in the soft matter knowledge base. We survey these gaps, especially as pertaining to the transmission of the disease, and suggest questions that can (and need to) be tackled, both in response to COVID-19 and to better prepare for future viral pandemics.
