论文标题
您可以流式传输：调查用户行为在视频流的温室气体强度中的作用
All you can stream: Investigating the role of user behavior for greenhouse gas intensity of video streaming
论文作者
论文摘要
据报道，信息和通信技术部门对环境有相关的影响。在该领域，视频流被确定为CO2排放的主要驱动力。为了使流媒体更具可持续性，必须在用户和提供商方面确定与环境相关的因素。因此，环境评估，例如生命周期评估（LCA），需要将其观点从仅仅技术的技术扩展到包括用户决策和行为的技术。但是，通常缺乏或难以集成在LCA中的用户行为（例如流式持续时间，最终设备的选择和分辨率）的定量数据。此外，确定用户行为的相关决定因素，例如流媒体平台的设计或用户动机，可能有助于设计流媒体服务，以使环境影响保持在可通过的水平。为了以这种方式进行评估，必须进行跨学科的合作。因此，这项探索性研究将LCA与在线调查相结合（n = 91，7个连续7天评估）。基于此数据集，对在线视频流的使用阶段进行了建模。此外，测量了社会人口统计学，动机和上下文决定因素等因素。结果表明，视频流的二氧化碳强度取决于几个因素。结果表明，对于气候强度，选择智能电视和视频流智能手机之间有一个因子10。此外，结果表明，可以从提供商方面解决某些因素，以减少用户方面的总体能源需求；其中之一是将低分辨率设置为默认设置。
The information and communication technology sector reportedly has a relevant impact on the environment. Within this sector, video streaming has been identified as a major driver of CO2-emissions. To make streaming more sustainable, environmentally relevant factors must be identified on both the user and the provider side. Hence, environmental assessments, like life cycle assessments (LCA), need to broaden their perspective from a mere technological to one that includes user decisions and behavior. However, quantitative data on user behavior (e.g. streaming duration, choice of end device and resolution) are often lacking or difficult to integrate in LCA. Additionally, identifying relevant determinants of user behavior, such as the design of streaming platforms or user motivations, may help to design streaming services that keep environmental impact at a passable level. In order to carry out assessments in such a way, interdisciplinary collaboration is necessary. Therefore, this exploratory study combined LCA with an online survey (N= 91, 7 consecutive days of assessment). Based on this dataset the use phase of online video streaming was modeled. Additionally, factors such as sociodemographic, motivational and contextual determinants were measured. Results show that CO2-intensity of video streaming depends on several factors. It is shown that for climate intensity there is a factor 10 between choosing a smart TV and smartphone for video streaming. Furthermore, results show that some factors can be tackled from provider side to reduce overall energy demand at the user side; one of which is setting a low resolution as default.
