论文标题
寒冷，干燥，大风和紫外线受辐照 - 在Ojos del Salado火山（智利安第斯山山）的Ojos del Salado Volcano中进行测量的MARS相关条件
Cold, dry, windy, and UV irradiated -- surveying Mars relevant conditions in Ojos del Salado Volcano (Andes Mountains, Chile)
论文作者
论文摘要
本期《天体生物学》中的特别论文集提供了概述的概述，并可能探索位于智利北部阿塔卡马沙漠前安第斯山山脉的Ojos del Salado火山。与其他部位相比，该站点的主要好处是强紫外线辐射，多年冻土的存在和在干地形内的地热活动的组合。有限的雪事件与风之间的相互作用导致埋在干燥的土壤表面下的雪斑。这导致短暂的水流仅在日间流动。在迄今为止报道的地下温度监测系统最高的火山上，永久冻土的季节性熔化之后是快速渗透事件。这是由于这些土壤的高孔隙度。结果是由强风塑造的地形。在这个地点，热弹簧和湖泊（后者是由融化冰产生的）为生命提供了生命的栖息地。一个由火山活动加热的6480m高湖既显示了温暖和冷的沉积物，其中包含许多不同的微生物物种，包括精神病。 Where the permafrost melts, thawing ponds have formed at 5900m that is dominated by populations of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, while in the pond sediments and the permafrost itself Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Patescibacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia are abundant.反过来，富马尔斯显示出存在嗜酸铁氧化剂和还原铁物种。尽管在Ojos del Salado报告了极端条件，但该地点很容易访问。
The Special Collection of papers in this issue of Astrobiology provide an overview of the characteristics and potential for future exploration of the Ojos del Salado volcano, located in the Andes Mountains in front of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. The main benefits of this site compared with others are the combination of strong UV radiation, the presence of permafrost, and geothermal activity within a dry terrain. The interaction between limited snow events and wind results in snow patches buried under a dry soil surface. This leads to ephemeral water streams that only flow duringdaytime hours. On this volcano, which has the highest located subsurface temperature monitoring systems reported to date, seasonal melting of the permafrost is followed by fast percolation events. This is due to the high porosity of these soils. The results are landforms that shaped by the strong winds. At this site, both thermal springs and lakes (the latter arising from melting ice) provide habitats for life; a 6480m high lake heated by volcanic activity shows both warm and cold sediments that contain a number of different microbial species, including psychrophiles. Where the permafrost melts, thawing ponds have formed at 5900m that is dominated by populations of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, while in the pond sediments and the permafrost itself Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Patescibacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia are abundant. In turn, fumaroles show the presence of acidophilic iron-oxidizers and iron-reducing species. In spite of the extreme conditions reported at Ojos del Salado, this site is easily accessible.
