论文标题
及时的量子电路转升降低噪声
Just-in-time Quantum Circuit Transpilation Reduces Noise
论文作者
论文摘要
运行量子程序充满了当今嘈杂的中间量表量子(NISQ)设备的挑战。这些挑战中有许多源于误差特征,这些误差特征源于测量过程中的快速分解和噪声,量子连接,串扰,Qubits本身以及通过大门对Qubit状态的转换。量子位不仅不是“创建相等”,而且它们的噪声水平也随时间而变化。据说IBM每天一次校准其量子系统,并在这种校准时报告噪声水平(错误)。此信息随后用于将电路映射到更高质量的Qubits和连接到下一个校准点。 这项工作提供了证据,表明在这个日常校准周期中有改进的余地。在执行一个或多个敏感的电路之前,它有助于一种与Qubits有关的噪声水平(错误)的技术,并表明即将到来的噪声测量结果使晚期物理量子映射受益。通过这种恰当的重新校准的转滤,结果的保真度比IBM的默认映射得到了改善,IBM的默认映射仅使用它们的日常校准。该框架评估两个主要来源的噪声来源,即读数错误(测量错误)和两个Qubit的门/连接错误。实验表明,基于错误测量值,在申请执行之前,基于错误测量值,电路结果的准确性平均提高了3-304%,高达400%。
Running quantum programs is fraught with challenges on on today's noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Many of these challenges originate from the error characteristics that stem from rapid decoherence and noise during measurement, qubit connections, crosstalk, the qubits themselves, and transformations of qubit state via gates. Not only are qubits not "created equal", but their noise level also changes over time. IBM is said to calibrate their quantum systems once per day and reports noise levels (errors) at the time of such calibration. This information is subsequently used to map circuits to higher quality qubits and connections up to the next calibration point. This work provides evidence that there is room for improvement over this daily calibration cycle. It contributes a technique to measure noise levels (errors) related to qubits immediately before executing one or more sensitive circuits and shows that just-in-time noise measurements benefit late physical qubit mappings. With this just-in-time recalibrated transpilation, the fidelity of results is improved over IBM's default mappings, which only uses their daily calibrations. The framework assess two major sources of noise, namely readout errors (measurement errors) and two-qubit gate/connection errors. Experiments indicate that the accuracy of circuit results improves by 3-304% on average and up to 400% with on-the-fly circuit mappings based on error measurements just prior to application execution.