论文标题

基于线性动力学方程的微流仿真的统一气体运动方案

A Unified Gas-kinetic Scheme for Micro Flow Simulation Based on Linearized Kinetic Equation

论文作者

Liu, Chang, Xu, Kun

论文摘要

微流的流动状态从无碰撞状态到水力动力学状态变化。在动力学尺度上,微流的动力学可以通过线性化动力学方程来描述。在连续体制中,可以通过Chapman-Enskog渐近分析从线性化的动力学方程得出水动力方程,例如线性化的Navier-Stokes方程和Euler方程。在本文中,基于线性动力学方程,我们将提出用于微流仿真的统一气体动力学方案(UGK),这是整个微流状态下的有效多尺度方案。 UGK的重要方法是以下内容。首先,微观分布函数的演变与宏观流量的演变相结合。其次,UGK的数值通量是基于动力学方程的积分解决方案构建的,该方程提供了真正的多尺度和多维数值通量。 UGK在稀有方案中恢复了线性动力学溶液,并收敛于连续体制中的线性水动力溶液。 UGK的一项杰出特征是它的能力是即使细胞大小大得多,即使细胞大小要大得多,也可以捕获动力学长度尺度,例如捕获粘性边界层的细胞尺寸比粒子平均自由路径大十倍。这种多尺度的属性称为统一保存(UP),在\ cite {guo2019unified}中进行了研究。在本文中,我们还将为UGK的UP属性提供数学证明。

The flow regime of micro flow varies from collisionless regime to hydrodynamic regime according to the Knudsen number. On the kinetic scale, the dynamics of micro flow can be described by the linearized kinetic equation. In the continuum regime, hydrodynamic equations such as linearized Navier-Stokes equations and Euler equations can be derived from the linearized kinetic equation by the Chapman-Enskog asymptotic analysis. In this paper, based on the linearized kinetic equation we are going to propose a unified gas kinetic scheme scheme (UGKS) for micro flow simulation, which is an effective multiscale scheme in the whole micro flow regime. The important methodology of UGKS is the following. Firstly, the evolution of microscopic distribution function is coupled with the evolution of macroscopic flow quantities. Secondly, the numerical flux of UGKS is constructed based on the integral solution of kinetic equation, which provides a genuinely multiscale and multidimensional numerical flux. The UGKS recovers the linear kinetic solution in the rarefied regime, and converges to the linear hydrodynamic solution in the continuum regime. An outstanding feature of UGKS is its capability of capturing the accurate viscous solution even when the cell size is much larger than the kinetic kinetic length scale, such as the capturing of the viscous boundary layer with a cell size ten times larger than the particle mean free path. Such a multiscale property is called unified preserving (UP) which has been studied in \cite{guo2019unified}. In this paper, we are also going to give a mathematical proof for the UP property of UGKS.

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