论文标题
在LHC上揭示了HADRON之间的强烈相互作用
Unveiling the strong interaction among hadrons at the LHC
论文作者
论文摘要
当今核物理学的主要挑战之一是从第一原则中了解具有不同夸克含量的黑龙之间的有效相互作用。使用技术在离散时空晶格上解决夸克和振奋的动力学的技术已经取得了第一笔成功。在实验上，通过散射Hadron相互散射，研究了强相互作用的动力学。对于不稳定的哈隆来说，这种散射实验是难以或不可能的，因此仅对于含有上下夸克的哈德子才存在高质量的测量。在这里，我们证明，测量在CERN大型强子对撞机（LHC）在超级质子质子胶原碰撞中产生的强子对之间的动量空间中的相关性提供了一种精确的方法，可以通过该方法获得任何一对不稳定的Hadron之间的相互作用动态的缺失信息。具体而言，我们讨论了包含奇怪夸克（超子）的重子的相互作用的情况。我们演示了如何使用P-OMEGA BARYON相关性的精确度量测量，可以以与晶格计算的预测相似的精度研究，并与该强大相互作用的强相互作用的效果进行研究。在LHC处质子 - 蛋白质碰撞中鉴定出的大量超数，以及对相关函数的小（大约一个femtometre）粒子间距离的精确建模，并可以详细确定核子hyperon相互作用的短距离部分。
One of the key challenges for nuclear physics today is to understand from first principles the effective interaction between hadrons with different quark content. First successes have been achieved using techniques that solve the dynamics of quarks and gluons on discrete space-time lattices. Experimentally, the dynamics of the strong interaction have been studied by scattering hadrons off each other. Such scattering experiments are difficult or impossible for unstable hadrons and so high-quality measurements exist only for hadrons containing up and down quarks. Here we demonstrate that measuring correlations in the momentum space between hadron pairs produced in ultrarelativistic proton-proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) provides a precise method with which to obtain the missing information on the interaction dynamics between any pair of unstable hadrons. Specifically, we discuss the case of the interaction of baryons containing strange quarks (hyperons). We demonstrate how, using precision measurements of p-omega baryon correlations, the effect of the strong interaction for this hadron-hadron pair can be studied with precision similar to, and compared with, predictions from lattice calculations. The large number of hyperons identified in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, together with an accurate modelling of the small (approximately one femtometre) inter-particle distance and exact predictions for the correlation functions, enables a detailed determination of the short-range part of the nucleon-hyperon interaction.
