论文标题
时间依赖性驾驶的热力学不确定性关系
Thermodynamic uncertainty relation for time-dependent driving
论文作者
论文摘要
热力学不确定性关系在电流的平均值和波动方面对熵产生产生下限。我们在任意时间依赖性的驱动器下从任意初始状态中得出了系统的一般形式，并将这些关系扩展到状态变量之外。讨论了针对运动激光陷阱中一对相互作用的胶体颗粒以及小蛋白质的动态展开的各种类型的可观察物的质量。由于用于评估这些界限的输入不需要对系统或其与时间相关控制的耦合的特定知识，因此它们应成为广泛适用于时间依赖驱动系统的热力学推断的工具。
Thermodynamic uncertainty relations yield a lower bound on entropy production in terms of the mean and fluctuations of a current. We derive their general form for systems under arbitrary time-dependent driving from arbitrary initial states and extend these relations beyond currents to state variables. The quality of the bound is discussed for various types of observables for an interacting pair of colloidal particles in a moving laser trap and for the dynamical unfolding of a small protein. Since the input for evaluating these bounds does not require specific knowledge of the system or its coupling to the time-dependent control, they should become widely applicable tools for thermodynamic inference in time-dependently driven systems.
