论文标题
COVID-19导致全球二氧化碳排放量的创纪录下降
COVID-19 causes record decline in global CO2 emissions
论文作者
论文摘要
在Covid-19大流行期间，人类活动的大量停止影响了全球能源使用和CO2排放。在这里，我们表明，与去年相比，从2020年1月到2020年4月，全球化石CO2排放量的前所未有下降（938吨CO2， +2-σ不确定度的6.8％）。此外，基于每月能源供应或估计参数的其他新兴估计值，这项研究为基于发电（29个国家 /地区）的活动（针对73个国家 /地区），公路运输（406个城市），航空和海上运输和国际境内的近20个国家（73个国家 /地区）的活动构建了近实时的每日CO2排放清单。估计区分开了Co2-19引起的二氧化碳的下降与每日，每周和季节性变化以及节日活动。与共同相关的公路运输二氧化碳排放减少（340.4吨CO2，-15.5％），功率（292.5吨CO2，-6.4％，与2019年相比），行业（136.2 MT CO2，-4.4％，-4.4％），航空公司，航空公司（92.8 mt CO2，-28.9％），International co2，International（4.9％），44. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. and.44。，4。4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. and.44。，4。4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. 4. and MOT MOT MOT， （35.9MT CO2，-15％）。在区域上，中国的下降是最大，最早的（234.5吨CO2，-6.9％），其次是欧洲（EU -27＆UK）（138.3吨CO2，-12.0％）和美国（162.4 MT CO2，-9.5％）。二氧化碳的下降与卫星和地面网络观察到的区域氮氧化物浓度一致，但是计算出的排放信号降低（约1GT CO2）的影响很小（到2020年4月30日到2020年4月30日，小于0.13ppm）对该全球CO2音乐会的影响（到2020年4月30日）。但是，随着在中国观察到的快速二氧化碳恢复和全球部分重新开放，我们的发现表明，对CO2排放的长期影响是未知的，应使用多种措施仔细监测。
The considerable cessation of human activities during the COVID-19 pandemic has affected global energy use and CO2 emissions. Here we show the unprecedented decrease in global fossil CO2 emissions from January to April 2020 was of 7.8% (938 Mt CO2 with a +6.8% of 2-σ uncertainty) when compared with the period last year. In addition other emerging estimates of COVID impacts based on monthly energy supply or estimated parameters, this study contributes to another step that constructed the near-real-time daily CO2 emission inventories based on activity from power generation (for 29 countries), industry (for 73 countries), road transportation (for 406 cities), aviation and maritime transportation and commercial and residential sectors emissions (for 206 countries). The estimates distinguished the decline of CO2 due to COVID-19 from the daily, weekly and seasonal variations as well as the holiday events. The COVID-related decreases in CO2 emissions in road transportation (340.4 Mt CO2, -15.5%), power (292.5 Mt CO2, -6.4% compared to 2019), industry (136.2 Mt CO2, -4.4%), aviation (92.8 Mt CO2, -28.9%), residential (43.4 Mt CO2, -2.7%), and international shipping (35.9Mt CO2, -15%). Regionally, decreases in China were the largest and earliest (234.5 Mt CO2,-6.9%), followed by Europe (EU-27 & UK) (138.3 Mt CO2, -12.0%) and the U.S. (162.4 Mt CO2, -9.5%). The declines of CO2 are consistent with regional nitrogen oxides concentrations observed by satellites and ground-based networks, but the calculated signal of emissions decreases (about 1Gt CO2) will have little impacts (less than 0.13ppm by April 30, 2020) on the overserved global CO2 concertation. However, with observed fast CO2 recovery in China and partial re-opening globally, our findings suggest the longer-term effects on CO2 emissions are unknown and should be carefully monitored using multiple measures.
