论文标题
测量大气中微子速率在Gigayear TimeScales上的变化
Measuring Changes in the Atmospheric Neutrino Rate Over Gigayear Timescales
论文作者
论文摘要
测量与太阳系年龄相媲美的宇宙射线通量，$ \ sim 4.5 \，$ gyr可以提供有关地球历史，太阳系甚至我们的银河系的新窗口。我们提出了一种技术，可以间接测量宇宙射线的速率随时间的函数，使用古探测器中的大气中微子的烙印，自然矿物质，这些矿物质记录了核后坐力的损害轨迹。地球上常见的矿物质是$ \ Lessim 1 \，$ gyr old，它提供了与太阳系年龄相同的时间尺度上回顾宇宙射线历史记录的能力。考虑到以合理精确度的相同年迈的样本集合，该技术特别适合衡量地球宇宙射线通量的历史变化，并且广泛适用于天体物理学和地球物理学。
Measuring the cosmic ray flux over timescales comparable to the age of the solar system, $\sim 4.5\,$Gyr, could provide a new window on the history of the Earth, the solar system, and even our galaxy. We present a technique to indirectly measure the rate of cosmic rays as a function of time using the imprints of atmospheric neutrinos in paleo-detectors, natural minerals which record damage tracks from nuclear recoils. Minerals commonly found on Earth are $\lesssim 1\,$Gyr old, providing the ability to look back across cosmic ray history on timescales of the same order as the age of the solar system. Given a collection of differently aged samples dated with reasonable accuracy, this technique is particularly well-suited to measuring historical changes in the cosmic ray flux at Earth and is broadly applicable in astrophysics and geophysics.
