论文标题
QZE和IZE以简单的方法和中子衰减
QZE and IZE in a simple approach and the neutron decay
论文作者
论文摘要
我们讨论了一个简单且可解析的测量模型，该模型描述了著名的量子ZENO效应（QZE）和逆卫生效应（IZE），该效应（IZE）与速度放缓以及衰减速率的增加相对应（或者是由不稳定状态与检测器和环境的不稳定状态相互作用）引起的衰减速率（或更多。在该模型中，人们可以理解QZE和IZE的相当一般特征：通过考虑不稳定的量子状态，例如不稳定的粒子，其衰减宽度为能量的函数为$γ（ω）= g^{2}ω^α，$，然后在相当普遍的假设下 - QZE偶然出现（QZE），而QZE却以$ al in（0,1）的价格出现QZE。 $α\ in（ - \ infty，0）\ cup（1，\ infty）。$此结果对于比本工作中描述的更现实的测量模型也有效。然后，我们将这些注意事项应用于中子的衰减，为$α=5。$因此，原则上可以实现中子衰变（以及大多数弱衰变）的IZE实现。实际上，陷阱实验发现终身比光束实验短8.7 \ pm2.1 $ s，这表明可能发生了Ize。
We discuss a simple and analytically solvable measurement model which describes the famous Quantum Zeno Effect (QZE) and Inverse Zeno Effect (IZE), that correspond to the slow down and to the increase of the decay rate caused by measurements (or, more in general, by the interaction of an unstable state with the detector and the environment). Within this model one can understand quite general features of the QZE and IZE: by considering an unstable quantum state, such as an unstable particle, whose decay width as function of energy is $Γ(ω)=g^{2}ω^α,$ then -- under quite general assumptions -- the QZE occurs for $α\in(0,1)$, while the IZE for $α\in(-\infty,0)\cup(1,\infty).$ This result is valid also for more realistic measurement models than the one described in this work. We then apply these considerations to the decay of the neutron, for which $α=5.$ Hence, the realization of the IZE for the neutron decay (and for the majority of weak decays) is in principle possible. Indeed, trap experiments find a lifetime that is $8.7\pm2.1$ s shorter than beam experiments, suggesting that the IZE could have taken place.
