论文标题
手性和异种的双重特性由两色夸克形成
The dual properties of chiral and isospin asymmetric dense quark matter formed of two-color quarks
论文作者
论文摘要
在本文中，在baryon $μ_b$，isospin $μ_i$和手性isospin $μ_{i5} $化学潜力的baryon $ __b $的存在下，已经研究了由$ u $和$ d $ quarks组成的密集的bary子和两种颜色的相结构。在手性极限中，已经表明，在三种颜色情况下发现的带电乳头的自发性手性对称性断裂和凝结的二元性在两种颜色情况下仍然有效。此外，已经表明，在两个颜色案例中，相图中还有两个二元性，即（如$μ__{i5} = 0 $），在$μ_{i5} \ ne 0 $ ne 0 $ ne $ $ $（μ，μ，μ_i，μ__{i5}）$ - μ_{i5} $ - symerty symertry symertry之间的同一阶段的cultermetry diual symertry之间的阶段， diquark凝结。这种双重性甚至在物理点，$ M_0 \ ne 0 $。 $ m_0 = 0 $ $（μ，μ_i，μ_{i5}）$ - 相位肖像变得更加对称，因为出现了自发性手性对称性断裂和diquark凝结的相对对称性。结果表明，由于二元性，相图非常对称并且具有交织结构。可以证明，仅从三色NJL模型的研究结果中获得两色NJL模型的相肖像（仅在执行数值计算后才注意到）。三色案例仅具有两种颜色的二元性，而在三种颜色的情况下，只能看到这种非常对称的图片的一个方面。仅使用二元性，可以证明没有混合相（具有两个非零冷凝水的相）。双重性的预测非常有用，因为可以肯定的是，它可以通过直接计算显示，但在数值上会非常复杂和耗时。
In this paper the phase structure of dense baryon matter composed of $u$ and $d$ quarks with two colors has been investigated in the presence of baryon $μ_B$, isospin $μ_I$ and chiral isospin $μ_{I5}$ chemical potentials in the framework of Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. In the chiral limit, it has been shown that the duality between phases with spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and condensation of charged pions, found in the three color case, remains valid in the two color case. In addition, it has been shown that there are two more dualities in the phase diagram in two color case, namely (as in the case with $μ_{I5}=0$), at $μ_{I5}\ne 0$ the general $(μ,μ_I,μ_{I5})$-phase portrait of the model has dual symmetry between the phase with condensation of charged pions and the phase with diquark condensation. This duality stays exact even in the physical point, $m_0\ne 0$. And at $m_0=0$ the $(μ,μ_I,μ_{I5})$-phase portrait becomes even more symmetrical, since dual symmetry between phases with spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and diquark condensation appears. It is shown that due to the dualities the phase diagram is extremely symmetric and has interlacing structure. One can show that the phase portrait of two-color NJL model can be obtained just by duality properties from the results of investigations of three-color NJL model (it was noticed only after the numerical calculations have been performed). Three-color case shares only one duality of the two color one, and one can only see a facet of this enormously symmetric picture in the case of three colors. Using dualities only, it is possible to show that there are no mixed phases (phases with two non-zero condensates). This prediction of dualities is of great use, because for sure it can be shown by the direct calculations but it would be enormously more complicated and time-consuming numerically.
