论文标题

甲板地震学:未来行星地震学的洞察力的经验教训

On-deck seismology: Lessons from InSight for future planetary seismology

论文作者

Panning, Mark P., Pike, W. Tom, Lognonné, Philippe, Banerdt, W. Bruce, Murdoch, Naomi, Banfield, Don, Charalambous, Constantinos, Kedar, Sharon, Lorenz, Ralph D., Marusiak, Angela G., McClean, John B., Nunn, Ceri, Stähler, Simon C., Stott, Alexander E., Warren, Tristram

论文摘要

在部署到火星表面之前,洞察任务的短期(SP)地震计在甲板上运行了48小时。该数据集可用于了解如何将甲板安装的地震仪用于火星,欧罗巴和其他行星机构的未来登陆任务中。在甲板上操作时,SP地震计显示的信号与3 Hz附近的Viking-2地震计相媲美,维京仪器的灵敏度达到了峰值。风灵敏度显示出与维京仪器相似的模式,尽管对于给定的风速,洞察力的幅度幅度大约大约80%。然而,在低风晚上,仪器噪声水平在0.1和1 Hz之间的频率水平与地球上的安静站点相媲美,尽管在风和热屏蔽层以下的地面上的部署在加速度下降低了40 dB。随着观察到的火星的噪声水平和估计的地震速率,甲板安装仪器的地震的检测概率足够低,以至于观察事件可能需要多年的甲板记录。但是,由于噪声是由风在降落器上的风,因此甲板安装的地震仪可能更实用,对于在无气体上部署,评估目标物体的地震性和登陆器的特定设计很重要。如果噪声水平与火星上的低风性时间相媲美,则某些提议的地震性模型的欧洲运行概率在某些建议的地震度模型中达到了99%以上。

Before deploying to the surface of Mars, the short-period (SP) seismometer of the InSight mission operated on deck for a total of 48 hours. This dataset can be used to understand how deck-mounted seismometers can be used in future landed missions to Mars, Europa, and other planetary bodies. While operating on deck, the SP seismometer showed signals comparable to the Viking-2 seismometer near 3 Hz where the sensitivity of the Viking instrument peaked. Wind sensitivity showed similar patterns to the Viking instrument, although amplitudes on InSight were ~80% larger for a given wind velocity. However, during the low wind evening hours the instrument noise levels at frequencies between 0.1 and 1 Hz were comparable to quiet stations on Earth, although deployment to the surface below the Wind and Thermal Shield lowered installation noise by roughly 40 dB in acceleration power. With the observed noise levels and estimated seismicity rates for Mars, detection probability for quakes for a deck-mounted instrument are low enough that up to years of on-deck recordings may be necessary to observe an event. Because the noise is dominated by wind acting on the lander, though, deck-mounted seismometers may be more practical for deployment on airless bodies, and it is important to evaluate the seismicity of the target body and the specific design of the lander. Detection probabilities for operation on Europa reach over 99% for some proposed seismicity models for a similar duration of operation if noise levels are comparable to low-wind time periods on Mars.

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