论文标题
HADRONIC超临界的路线图：对高能天体物理源的参数空间的全面研究
A roadmap to hadronic supercriticalities: a comprehensive study of the parameter space for high-energy astrophysical sources
论文作者
论文摘要
HADRONIC超临界是辐射不稳定性，当大量能量存储在相对论质子中时会出现。当质子能量密度超过一定的临界值时，启动失控的过程会导致质子能量爆炸性转移到电子峰值和辐射中。失控还导致辐射效率的提高，即光子光度与注入的质子发光度的比率。我们通过研究广泛的源参数（即1 g $ -100 $ kg和radii $ 10^{11} $ 10} $ $ -10^{16} $ -16} $ -16} $ CM）和最大Proton Lorentz factor（$ 10^3-10^3-10^9 $ 10^3-10^9 $ 10^9 $）（$ 10^{16} $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $ 10^9 $）（即，磁场强度为1 g $ -100 $ kg和radii），对参数空间进行了全面研究。我们表明，与紧凑的天体物理源有关的整个源参数范围是可能的，例如活性银河核的伽马射线爆发，核心和喷气机。我们还深入探讨了Hadronic超临界的物理机制，并表明磁化相对论等离子体是高能天体物理学非线性动力学系统的绝佳例子。
Hadronic supercriticalities are radiative instabilities that appear when large amounts of energy are stored in relativistic protons. When the proton energy density exceeds some critical value, a runaway process is initiated resulting in the explosive transfer of the proton energy into electron-positron pairs and radiation. The runaway also leads to an increase of the radiative efficiency, namely the ratio of the photon luminosity to the injected proton luminosity. We perform a comprehensive study of the parameter space by investigating the onset of hadronic supercriticalities for a wide range of source parameters (i.e., magnetic field strengths of 1 G$- 100$ kG and radii of $10^{11}$ cm$-10^{16}$ cm) and maximum proton Lorentz factors ($10^3-10^9$). We show that supercriticalities are possible for the whole range of source parameters related to compact astrophysical sources, like gamma-rays bursts, cores and jets of active galactic nuclei. We also provide an in-depth look at the physical mechanisms of hadronic supercriticalities and show that magnetized relativistic plasmas are excellent examples of non-linear dynamical systems in high-energy astrophysics.
