论文标题
在非平衡条件和外部驾驶下强耦合系统的量子热力学的通用方法
Universal approach to quantum thermodynamics of strongly coupled systems under nonequilibrium conditions and external driving
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一种基于密度矩阵膨胀的方法，以研究量子系统的热力学特性，该量子系统与两个或更多浴室强烈耦合。对于系统的缓慢驱动，我们确定了对热力学量的绝热和非绝热贡献，并且我们展示了热力学的第一和第二定律如何在强耦合方面表现出来。特别是，我们表明熵的生产在驾驶速度中是正至二阶的。该配方既可以应用于骨气系统和费米子系统，并为平衡情况恢复先前的结果（Phys。V.B 98，134306 [2018]）。然后，为驱动的谐振级别模型以及驱动的安德森杂质模型展示了该方法，其中层次量子量词主方程方法用于准确模拟非平衡量子动力学。
We present an approach based on a density matrix expansion to study thermodynamic properties of a quantum system strongly coupled to two or more baths. For slow external driving of the system, we identify the adiabatic and nonadiabatic contributions to thermodynamic quantities, and we show how the first and second laws of thermodynamics are manifested in the strong coupling regime. Particularly, we show that the entropy production is positive up to second order in the driving speed. The formulation can be applied both for Bosonic and Fermionic systems, and recovers previous results for the equilibrium case (Phys. Rev. B 98, 134306 [2018]). The approach is then demonstrated for the driven resonant level model as well as the driven Anderson impurity model, where the hierarchical quantum master equation method is used to accurately simulate the nonequilibrium quantum dynamics.
