论文标题

系外行星光谱检索工具的比较

A comparison of exoplanet spectroscopic retrieval tools

论文作者

Barstow, Joanna K., Changeat, Quentin, Garland, Ryan, Line, Michael R., Rocchetto, Marco, Waldmann, Ingo P.

论文摘要

在过去的几年中,转运系外行星的光谱观察开始揭示有关其大气的信息,包括大气成分和云和危险笼罩的指示。光谱检索是解释传输光谱的领先技术,并使用多种前向模型和参数估计算法使用多个团队。但是,不同的模型套件主要用于隔离,因此尚不清楚每个套件的结果是否可比。当我们接近詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的启动时,我们预计波长覆盖率,精度和公交光谱数据的分辨率的进步,因此必须验证将用于解释这些信息丰富光谱的工具,这一点很重要。为此,我们提出了三个检索套件的模型间比较:taurex,Nemesis和Chimera。我们证明了正向模型光谱非常吻合(剩余偏差为20-40 ppm),并讨论了三个工具之间的交叉检索结果。通常,从交叉检索的约束彼此一致,并且输入值在1个sigma之内,但是对于高精度方案,误差信封为30 ppm,模拟光谱的微妙差异会导致不同的撤回套件之间的差异,以及在几个Sigma的撤回值中的依赖值之间存在差异。这可以被认为类似于实际观察中的实质性系统/天体物理噪声,或者在正向模型(例如分子线条不完整或缺失吸收器)中的错误/遗漏类似。

Over the last several years, spectroscopic observations of transiting exoplanets have begun to uncover information about their atmospheres, including atmospheric composition and indications of the presence of clouds and hazes. Spectral retrieval is the leading technique for interpretation of transmission spectra and is employed by several teams using a variety of forward models and parameter estimation algorithms. However, different model suites have mostly been used in isolation and so it is unknown whether the results from each are comparable. As we approach the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope we anticipate advances in wavelength coverage, precision, and resolution of transit spectroscopic data, so it is important that the tools that will be used to interpret these information rich spectra are validated. To this end, we present an inter-model comparison of three retrieval suites: TauREx, NEMESIS and CHIMERA. We demonstrate that the forward model spectra are in good agreement (residual deviations on the order of 20 - 40 ppm), and discuss the results of cross retrievals between the three tools. Generally, the constraints from the cross retrievals are consistent with each other and with input values to within 1 sigma However, for high precision scenarios with error envelopes of order 30 ppm, subtle differences in the simulated spectra result in discrepancies between the different retrieval suites, and inaccuracies in retrieved values of several sigma. This can be considered analogous to substantial systematic/astrophysical noise in a real observation, or errors/omissions in a forward model such as molecular linelist incompleteness or missing absorbers.

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