论文标题
量子理论中的负能量状态
Negative Energy States in Quantum Theory
论文作者
论文摘要
我们分析了dirac方程的拉格朗日密度和规范应力能量张量，其中狄拉克·比斯皮诺（Dirac Bispinor）已被重塑为一组磁场。对于无质量的狄拉克场，能量密度的符号取决于未偶联的均匀和奇数场成分的相对相。这些成分耦合在巨大的狄拉克方程中，并且能量的符号取决于它们的空间平价。二阶方程的相应应力能量张量也接受负能量状态，其能量密度再次取决于场平均值。我们将相同的多生动方法应用于电磁主义，构建新的拉格朗日和能量密度，其中矢量电位和电磁场被视为独立的自由度。
We analyze the Lagrangian density and canonical stress-energy tensor for the Dirac equation, where the Dirac bispinor has been recast as a multivector set of fields. For the massless Dirac field, the sign of the energy density is determined by the relative phase of uncoupled even- and odd-grade field components. These components become coupled in the massive Dirac equation, and the sign of the energy is determined by their spatial parity. The corresponding stress-energy tensors for the second-order equations also admit negative energy states, with the sign of the energy density again dependent on field parity. We apply the same multivector approach to electromagnetism, constructing new Lagrangian and energy densities in which the vector potential and the electromagnetic field are treated as independent field degrees of freedom.
