论文标题
在旋转冷凝物中的一阶量子过渡跨旋晶量相变的广义千里布尔 - Zurek机理观察
Observation of generalized Kibble-Zurek mechanism across a first-order quantum phase transition in a spinor condensate
论文作者
论文摘要
Kibble-Zurek机制提供了一种统一的理论，可以描述当系统通过二阶量子相变驱动时动力学中的通用缩放定律。但是，对于一阶量子相跃迁，kibble-zurek机制通常不适用。在这里，我们在实验上证明并理论上分析了当系统从极性慢慢驱动到抗铁磁磁相时，在一阶量子相变的自旋-1冷凝物的动力学中的幂律缩放。我们表明，可以通过广义的木蓝色机制来描述这种幂律缩放。此外，通过通过实验测量自旋种群，我们显示了旋转激发时间的幂律缩放相对于淬火速率，这与我们的数值模拟结果非常吻合。我们的结果为进一步探索广义的木蓝色机理开辟了大门，以了解一阶量子相变的动力学。
The Kibble-Zurek mechanism provides a unified theory to describe the universal scaling laws in the dynamics when a system is driven through a second-order quantum phase transition. However, for first-order quantum phase transitions, the Kibble-Zurek mechanism is usually not applicable. Here, we experimentally demonstrate and theoretically analyze a power-law scaling in the dynamics of a spin-1 condensate across a first-order quantum phase transition when a system is slowly driven from a polar phase to an antiferromagnetic phase. We show that this power-law scaling can be described by a generalized Kibble-Zurek mechanism. Furthermore, by experimentally measuring the spin population, we show the power-law scaling of the temporal onset of spin excitations with respect to the quench rate, which agrees well with our numerical simulation results. Our results open the door for further exploring the generalized Kibble-Zurek mechanism to understand the dynamics across first-order quantum phase transitions.
