论文标题
在超级流体氦4中进行冷中子束衰减的新中子寿命实验-4
A New Neutron Lifetime Experiment with Cold Neutron Beam Decay in Superfluid Helium-4
论文作者
论文摘要
该难题保持在通过两种不同的实验方法测量的中子寿命之间的较大差异中 - 中子束中的β衰变计数和在潜在陷阱中的超声中性中子的存储，即束方法与瓶装方法。在本文中，我们提出了一项新的实验，以测量冷中子束中的中子寿命，其灵敏度目标为0.1％或二秒。中子β衰减将在0.5 K处的超氟-4闪烁检测器中计数，并且中子通量将通过同一体积的氦3捕获同时监测。冷中子束必须为波长$λ> 16.5 $ a，以消除超氟氦气的散射。使用独特的固有系统效果的光束方法对中子寿命进行了新的精确测量，将在解决难题方面大大提高。
The puzzle remains in the large discrepancy between neutron lifetime measured by the two distinct experimental approaches -- counts of beta decays in a neutron beam and storage of ultracold neutrons in a potential trap, namely, the beam method versus the bottle method. In this paper, we propose a new experiment to measure the neutron lifetime in a cold neutron beam with a sensitivity goal of 0.1% or sub-1 second. The neutron beta decays will be counted in a superfluid helium-4 scintillation detector at 0.5 K, and the neutron flux will be simultaneously monitored by the helium-3 captures in the same volume. The cold neutron beam must be of wavelength $λ>16.5$ A to eliminate scattering with superfluid helium. A new precise measurement of neutron lifetime with the beam method of unique inherent systematic effects will greatly advance in resolving the puzzle.
