论文标题
极性气泡通过中诱导的三体相互作用稳定
Polaron bubble stabilised by medium-induced three-body interactions
论文作者
论文摘要
混合两种相互排斥的颗粒通常会在排斥力较弱时会导致均匀的混合物，或者当两种排斥力太强时，两种颗粒的完全分离。然而，显示出有一种中间状态，两种类型可以在其基态上共存，因为浸入一种气体中的气泡。通过将大量排斥杂质添加到玻色的凝结物中，可以获得这种情况。在相互排斥的一定强度之上，可以形成杂质和玻色子的稳定气泡，这是由于气泡内部的玻色子与周围玻色子的外部压力引起的相互作用之间的平衡所致。在某种特殊的强度下，杂质之间的有效相互作用仅包括三体相互作用。最后，在临界强度之上，将玻色子从气泡中弹出，杂质塌陷成纯净的杂质气泡。可以通过不同质量的超冷原子的不平衡混合物观察到这种现象。此外，似乎可以达到杂质形成强烈相互交互的颗粒的密集气泡的状态。
Mixing two kinds of particles that repel each other usually results in either a homogeneous mixture when the repulsion is weak, or a complete phase separation of the two kinds when their repulsion is too strong. It is shown however that there is an intermediate regime where the two kinds can coexist in their ground state as a bubble immersed in a gas of one kind. Such a situation is obtained by adding heavy repulsive impurities into a Bose-Einstein condensate. Above a certain strength of the mutual repulsion, a stable bubble of impurities and bosons can be formed, resulting from the equilibrium between the interactions induced by the bosons inside the bubble and the outside pressure from the surrounding bosons. At some particular strength, the effective interactions between the impurities consist of only three-body interactions. Finally, above a critical strength, the bosons are ejected from the bubble and the impurities collapse into a pure bubble of impurities. This phenomenon could be observed with an imbalanced mixture of ultra-cold atoms of different masses. Moreover, it appears possible to reach a regime where the impurities form a dense bubble of strongly-interacting particles.
