论文标题
人格特征和吸毒。数据讲述的故事
Personality Traits and Drug Consumption. A Story Told by Data
论文作者
论文摘要
这是该系列中第一本书的预印本：“数据讲故事”。在本书中，一个故事讲述了与吸毒相关的心理特征。该书包括： - 关于吸毒者心理概况的发表著作的评论。 - 分析新的原始数据库，其中包含有关1885名受访者的信息和18种药物的使用。 （数据库可在线获得。） - 用于分析该数据集的数据挖掘和机器学习方法的介绍性描述。 - 证明人格特质（五因素模型，冲动性和感觉寻求感觉）以及简单的人口统计数据提供了预测大多数药物具有敏感性和特异性高于70％的单个药物消费风险。 - 使用不同物质的使用的相关性以及与使用相关使用的药物组的描述（相关性pleiades）。 - 证明不同药物使用者的人格概况显着差异。对于苯二氮卓，摇头丸和海洛因，这明确证明了这一点。 - 为18种物质的用户和非用户的人格资料表。 该书针对高级本科生或一年级的博士生以及研究人员和从业人员。没有假定先前对机器学习，高级数据挖掘概念或现代性格心理学的了解。有关统计方法的更详细的介绍，我们建议几本大学教科书。熟悉基本统计数据和在使用概率方面的某些经验将有助于心理学的一些基本技术理解。
This is a preprint version of the first book from the series: "Stories told by data". In this book a story is told about the psychological traits associated with drug consumption. The book includes: - A review of published works on the psychological profiles of drug users. - Analysis of a new original database with information on 1885 respondents and usage of 18 drugs. (Database is available online.) - An introductory description of the data mining and machine learning methods used for the analysis of this dataset. - The demonstration that the personality traits (five factor model, impulsivity, and sensation seeking), together with simple demographic data, give the possibility of predicting the risk of consumption of individual drugs with sensitivity and specificity above 70% for most drugs. - The analysis of correlations of use of different substances and the description of the groups of drugs with correlated use (correlation pleiades). - Proof of significant differences of personality profiles for users of different drugs. This is explicitly proved for benzodiazepines, ecstasy, and heroin. - Tables of personality profiles for users and non-users of 18 substances. The book is aimed at advanced undergraduates or first-year PhD students, as well as researchers and practitioners. No previous knowledge of machine learning, advanced data mining concepts or modern psychology of personality is assumed. For more detailed introduction into statistical methods we recommend several undergraduate textbooks. Familiarity with basic statistics and some experience in the use of probabilities would be helpful as well as some basic technical understanding of psychology.
